Poetry 1 - An introduction
An introduction to poetry
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Lesson duration is: 50 minItems in this lesson
An introduction to poetry
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Your SE
This PA is 10% of your English SE mark.
You will have to do a presentation in pairs.
Your presentation will be a 'poetry battle' done in front of two teachers and answering questions afterwards.
You will have to be able to discuss content, meaning, structure, rhyme scheme etc.
You will also need to discuss literary devices used by the author to get his or her message across, and background information about the author, the literary period and/or period in history in which it was written.
In order to do this there will be a number of lessons and preparation assignments to help you.
Your SE
This PA is 10% of your English SE mark. Your mark will be an individual one based on the following aspects:
The quality of the work which has to be clear from your final product;
The content of your actual presentation;
The language used during your presentation (reading from a screen/device or paper is not allowed);
The length of your presentation: 15-20 minutes in groups/pairs;
The final mark will be a combination of both pronunciation/fluency and the quality of the presentation/content itself.
What can you learn from studying literature?
What is poetry? How would you define 'poetry'?
What is the teacher's message about poetry?
Learnbeat question 2.1 A 1
Go to Learnbeat and answer the question.
Use complete sentences!
Reread J. Evans Pritchard's introduction
Learnbeat
To fully understand poetry, we must first be fluent with its meter, rhyme and figures of speech, then ask two questions: 1) How artfully has the objective of the poem been rendered and 2) How important is that objective? Question 1 rates the poem's perfection; question 2 rates its importance. And once these questions have been answered, determining the poem's greatness becomes a relatively simple matter.
If the poem's score for perfection is plotted on the horizontal of a graph and its importance is plotted on the vertical, then calculating the total area of the poem yields the measure of its greatness.
A sonnet by Byron might score high on the vertical but only average on the horizontal. A Shakespearean sonnet, on the other hand, would score high both horizontally and vertically, yielding a massive total area, thereby revealing the poem to be truly great. As you proceed through the poetry in this book, practice this rating method. As your ability to evaluate poems in this matter grows, so will, so will your enjoyment and understanding of poetry.
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What is Poetry?
a way of communication between poet and public
expression of personal experiences, thoughts, emotions
often trying to evoke (deep) emotion, ideas
a sort of mini drama/play
often rooted in ordinary life.
What is poetry?
fixed line length
stanzas
succinct, condensed sentences
imagery
often 1 point of view
beyond literal meaning of words
Types of Poetry
Epic poetry
oldest form of poetry
usually long narrative
heroic figures
focus on characters
elevated style
Example: Beowulf
Ballad
popular in the Middle Ages
from oral tradition, handed down from generation to generation.
four-line stanzas
simple stories
base for many modern songs.
Sonnet
fixed form
14 line poem
grouped in various ways.
usually regular rhyming scheme
Petrarchan Sonnet
10 syllable lines
1 Octave (= 2 quatrains; 2x four lines)
1 sestet (= 2 tercets; 2x three lines)
rhyming scheme abba-abba-cdc-dcd but often variations as well.
Petrarch Sonnet 159
Shakespearean Sonnet
iambic pentametre
da Dum da Dum da Dum da Dum da Dum
3 quatrains (=3x four lines)
1 (rhyming couplet) (1x two lines)
volta (turning point) after the 3 quatrains.
rhyming scheme
ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
Elegy
Poem that typically remembers/laments the dead.
Poem that glorifies something.
Could be a person, an idea, an object etc.
Usually expresses strong emotion and or admiration.
Free form:
no fixed rules
Haiku
Short - 3 lines
usually about nature
no fixed rhyming scheme
fixed syllable scheme per line
Limerick
Often funny
1 line often ends with placename
5 lines
regular rhyme and rhythm
Spoken word
oral, performance based poetry
wordplay and intonation
strong storytelling
focus often on inequality and injustice.
Poetic Devices
Metaphor
a word or phrase that refers to something else
The pillow was a cloud
Wings chased us through the night
Simile
a metaphor that uses the words like or as to describe someone or something by comparing it with someone or something else
I wandered lonely as a cloud
You look like hell
personification
ascribing human traits to objects
the waves danced
Trees stretched their arms
Oxymoron
combining words with opposite meanings (creates dramatic effect and makes readers wonder how the two could be combined)
old news
loving hate
Imagery
author provokes sensory details through the use of descriptive language
The sunset was the most gorgeous they’d ever seen; the clouds were edged with pink and gold.
The familiar tang of his grandmother’s cranberry sauce reminded him of his youth.
Note that these are sound techniques and therefore may not be reflected in spelling, i.e. “do you like blue” is also considered assonance.
consonance
a series of words (or close together) that have the same consonant sound
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
“The phantom flashed past, aflame, then, “poof!” faded out of sight.”
consonance
a series of words (or close together) that have the same consonant sound
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
“The phantom flashed past, aflame, then, “poof!” faded out of sight.”
why not the "f" in "of"?
assonance
a series of words (or close together) that have the same vowel sound
I made my way to the lake
“His tender heir might bear his memory”
alliteration
:(specific form of consonance) a series of words (or close together) that have the same first consonant sound
While I nodded, nearly napping
fair is foul and foul is fair,
hover throught the fog and filthy air.
onomatopoeia
words that sound like their meaning
Jingling bells
Bees are buzzing
Hyperbole
deliberate exaggerated language
I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
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