BS1 - Genotype and Phenotype

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Today's lesson

1. Introduce new topic: Heredity and evolution

2. Review DNA

3. Discuss Genotype and Phenotype

Hereditary information

• Cells that make up your body are called body cells.
• Nucleus of each body cell contains 46 chromosomes - thin threads
• Chromosomes  consist largely of DNA.
  
• DNA stores infromation for your hereditary characteristics
  
• Nuclei of human cells have 46 chromosomes.
  

• All cells created by cell division - single, fertilized ovum
• Every time a cell divides it copies it's chromosomes are copied first. 
• A daughter cell is made - it contains a complete set of chromosomes.
• Every body cell contains the same information 

Example:

• Trait : Hair color - brown
• Gene : part of the DNA carrying the info for this trait
• Variations in this gene: blond, brown, red, black
• Mother's hair : blond   x    Father's hair : brown
• You : one gene (blond) x one gene (brown) = Brown hair

Genotype

• complete set of your inherited characteristics
• Contains information about thousands of characteristics
• gene - pieces of DNA for a characterisistc
• genes can be active or inactive

Phenotype

• your appearance 
• seen from the 'outside' 
• combination of genotype + environmental factors

genotype and phenotype

Do Now:

Read 5.1

DO Qs 6 t/m 8 and pg. 105