4.3 The French Revolution - II

The Time of Wigs and Revolutions
4.3 The French Revolution
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Slide 1: Slide
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This lesson contains 23 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 2 videos.

Items in this lesson

The Time of Wigs and Revolutions
4.3 The French Revolution

Slide 1 - Slide

What you will learn in 
this lesson
  • how the French Revolution began.
  • what political changes took place during the French Revolution.
  • which national changes took place under Napoleon.
  • In this paragraph you will learn how a large part of Europe came under French rule.




Slide 2 - Slide

Discuss in pairs:
- Which person represents which estate?
- What is the message of this cartoon?

Slide 3 - Slide

The French revolution - a timeline
Step 1:  Watch the video and read 4.3
Step 2: Write down the events that are mentioned in the text (and video)
Step 3: Create a timeline with only events
I. the reign of Louis XVI
- the causes and consequences of the Gathering of the States General
II. the reign of the National Assembly
- Their goals and how this effected France
III. the reign of Robespierre
- What happened? What changes did he make?
IV. The reign of Napoleon
- In what way was he an enlightened ruler? And in what way not?

Slide 4 - Slide

Slide 5 - Video

The French revolution - a timeline
Step 1:  Watch the video and read 4.3
Step 2: Write down the events that are mentioned in the text (and video)
Step 3: Create a timeline in which you explain:
I. the reign of Louis XVI
- the causes and consequences of the Gathering of the States General
II. the reign of the National Assembly
- Their goals and how this effected France
III. the reign of Robespierre
- What happened? What changes did he make?
IV. The reign of Napoleon
- In what way was he an enlightened ruler? And in what way not?

Slide 6 - Slide

important  people in this section
king Louis XVI (16th)
queen Marie Antoinette
Maximilian Robespierre
Napoleon Bonaparte

Slide 7 - Slide

Who decided to call together the Sates General in 1778?
A
Louis XIV
B
Louis XV
C
Louis XVI
D
Louis XVII

Slide 8 - Quiz

first estate:         300 representatives
second estate:   300 representatives
third estate:       600 representatives
The gathering of the States General: How to vote?

Slide 9 - Slide

Why was this special?
(to call together the States General)
A
This was not the task of the king
B
This hadn't happened in 174 years
C
This had never happened before
D
There was no States General in France

Slide 10 - Quiz

The French Revolution started at the 14th of July. How did it start?
A
King Louis XVI was beheaded
B
There was a second meeting of the States General
C
France was invaded by foreign revolutionary troops
D
The French stormed the Bastille (a prison in Paris)

Slide 11 - Quiz

The Tennis Court Oath - 1789

The clergy (1st estate) and the nobility (2nd estate) wanted to meet separately -> 3rd estate established a new meeting called the National Assembly. 
Several members of the nobility and clergy also decided to join.

They swore to only end the meeting after they had a written constitution that limited the king's power.
Their pledge is called the Tennis Court Oath.


Slide 12 - Slide

The French revolution - a timeline
Step 1:  Read 4.3
Step 2: Write down the events that are mentioned in the text 
Step 3: Create a timeline in which you explain:
I. the reign of Louis XVI
- the causes and consequences of the Gathering of the States General
II. the reign of the National Assembly
- Their goals and how this effected France
III. the reign of Robespierre
- What happened? What changes did he make?
IV. The reign of Napoleon
- In what way was he an enlightened ruler? And in what way not?
Do you only have your online book? Do the exercises first!

Slide 13 - Slide

Important dates for in your timeline:
1789: May:       King Louis XVI calls for a meeting of the Estates-General
         June:      Tennis Court Oath
         July 14:   Storming of the Bastille
1791:                National Assembly approved of a Constitution
                         -> France becomes a constitutional monarchy
1792: Feb:      War with Austria and Prussia ( who wanted to restore the absolute                                      monarchy in France)
          Sept:      end of the monarchy
                        reign of Terror - Robespierre
1793:  Jan 21  Louis XVI executed
1794:               Robespierre is beheaded
1799:               Napoleon Bonaparte takes the power with a coup d 'etat
1805-1812:      Napoleon conquers large areas in Europe
1812:               Napoleon is defeated in Russia ( and after that in Leipzig)
1815:               Napoleon loses the battle at Waterloo

Slide 14 - Slide

Back to the explanation...

Slide 15 - Slide

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Two weeks later, the National Assembly established the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Its motto still resonates in France and all over the world: liberté (‘freedom’), egalité (‘equality’) and fraternité (‘brotherhood’). 



summarize
  1. what were the main ideas of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
  2. what is the link between this document, the American Revolution, and the Enlightenment?
The motto Egalité, Fraternité, liberté, first used by Maximilien Robespierre in 1790, in a symbolic drawing.

But  not everyone thought that the National Assembly's measures were sufficient...

Slide 16 - Slide

The Reign of Terror

In 1792, the National Assembly officially ended the monarchy, which was replaced by the French Republic with a new government. This started a violent chapter in French history, known as the Reign of Terror

The leader of this movement was Maxime Robespierre.  Robespierre was a strong opponent of the French monarchy.
Robespierre also believed that everyone who did not agree with the ideals of the revolution should be executed. 



summarize
  1. How did France become a Republic?
  2. Who gained more influence in the National Assembly?
  3. What were his ideas?
  4. What were his supporters called?
  5. What was the Reign of Terror?
Maxime Robespierre


Slide 17 - Slide

Slide 18 - Video

Victims of the guillotine

 During the Reign of Terror thousands of people lost their lives because of this machine. 

 It has been estimated that in total about 40,000 people were killed by the guillotine during the French Revolution.
Most of them were from the third estate




.
summarize
  1. why was the guillotine used to kill people?
  2. which 2 groups were mostly prosecuted?
The motto Egalité, Fraternité, liberté, first used by Maximilien Robespierre in 1790, in a symbolic drawing.

Slide 19 - Slide

The French revolution - a timeline
Step 1:  Watch the video and read 4.3
Step 2: Write down the events that are mentioned in the text (and video)
Step 3: Create a timeline of:
I. the reign of Louis XVI
- the causes and consequences of the Gathering of the States General
II. the reign of the National Assembly
- Their goals and how this effected France
III. the reign of Robespierre
- What happened? What changes did he make?
IV. The reign of Napoleon
- In what way was he an enlightened ruler? And in what way not?

Slide 20 - Slide

A new leader
Napoleon Bonaparte  was a general who returned to France in 1798 after a military conflict between France and European countries that did not agree with the French Revolution. 
Countries like Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Spain and the Dutch Republic feared that the revolutionary ideas would affect them too. The people of France saw General Napoleon as a hero. 




summarize
  1. Why did the Directoire face yet another revolution?
  2. Who became the new leader and why did people see him as a hero?
  3. Why was the First Coalition War fought?
French revolutionary soldiers in a battle at the First Coalition War. Painting by Horace Vernet (1792).
insert: a young officer named Napoleon Bonaparte


Slide 21 - Slide

Anonymous French painter
The execution of Louis XVI

Slide 22 - Slide

congratulations
congratulations

Slide 23 - Slide