CH3 sec. 3.2. The social issue

Memo hm 2 TTO
CH3 The age of citizens and steam engines
The industrial revolution
3.2. The social issue
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GeschiedenisMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 2

This lesson contains 25 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

time-iconLesson duration is: 50 min

Items in this lesson

Memo hm 2 TTO
CH3 The age of citizens and steam engines
The industrial revolution
3.2. The social issue

Slide 1 - Slide



Industrial Revolution
1750-1850




A major turning point in world history

Slide 2 - Slide

Work in pairs

School suffrage
Abraham Kuyper
Kleine Luyden
ARP

What did Abraham Kuyper achieve?

Work in pairs

Karl Marx
Das kapital


What is the difference between democratic socialists and communists?

Slide 3 - Slide

Learning objectives
Learning objectives 3.2.1
1) I can describe the working and living conditions of workers.
2) I can describe the working and living conditions of the wealthy citizens.
You know the terms and dates of this section.
3) I can explain how workers tried to improve their situation.
4) I can explain how the wealthy citizens tried to improve the situation of the workers.
5) I can explain what socialism is.
6) I can explain how socialists tried to improve the situation of the workers.
7) I can explain which two developments brought about social laws at the end of the 19th century.


Slide 4 - Slide

Work in the first factories
Working conditions:
  • Low wages
  • Long working days (only Sunday off)
  • Women and children worked as well (even less pay)
  • Work in the factory was dangerous and unhealthy.
  • When a worker was sick, he wouldn't get paid.
  • Protesting or demonstrating made little difference. You'd get fired.

Slide 5 - Slide

1750

Slide 6 - Slide

Living near the factories
Living conditions:
  • Air pollution because the houses were near the factories.
  • Poor quality small houses.
  • Filthy streets, no sewers, no clean drinking water and poor hygiene.
  • Cholera and other contagious diseases
  • Because of the hard work, the bad food
       and the unhealthy living conditions
       workers did not grow old.
  • Children did not go to school

Slide 7 - Slide

Two worlds
Three social classes: upper class/ wealthy citizens/ bourgeoisie, middle class and factory workers.

Living conditions wealthy citizens (factory owners, bankers and lawyers):
  • Lived in sub-urbs, in spacious house with gardens. Clean streets and better hygiene.
  • Good schools and nice parks. 

Slide 8 - Slide

What doesn't match the working conditions of the workers?
A
Low wages
B
Long working days
C
Filthy streets, no sewers and no clean drinking water.
D
Protesting or demonstrating made little difference. You'd get fired.

Slide 9 - Quiz

What doesn't match the living conditions of the workers?
A
Workers did not grow old.
B
Cholera and other contagious diseases
C
Air pollution because the houses were near the factories.
D
Work in the factory was dangerous and unhealthy.

Slide 10 - Quiz

Which groups did the industrial society consist of?
A
Wealthy citizens, farmers, workers
B
Wealthy citizens, middle class, workers
C
Wealthy citizens, middle class, slaves
D
Middle class, farmers, slaves

Slide 11 - Quiz

Slide 12 - Video

The social issue
Social issue = The bad living and working conditions of the workers.

The liberal government didn't help or made new laws to improve the situation of the workers.

The poor were helped by their families, the Church or citizens (charity = liefdadigheid).


Slide 13 - Slide

The social issue
Workers tried to improve their situation
  • They started to unite in trade unions:
organisations of labourers who join together to improve work conditions. 
  • Trade unions fought for higher wages,   
shorter working days and a ban on child  labor.
  • They used strikes and demonstrations  to
force the factory owner to improve the
situation.

Slide 14 - Slide

Socialism
Some citizens thought the inequality in the class society was wrong.

A small group of factory owners was very wealthy and owned capital (natural resources, money, machines, factories). They made a lot of profits while workers only received a very low wage.

Trade unions couldn't solve the social issue alone.


Slide 15 - Slide

Socialism against capitalism
Lower classes had no say in government. 
Around 1850 > rise of socialism
Socialism = Political movement fighting for equality between rich
and poor in society.

Founder is Karl Marx. Wrote 'Das Kapital' and the 'Communist 
Manifesto' (with Friedrich Engels)

Two forms of socialism:
  • communism
  • social democracy 

Slide 16 - Slide

Socialism against capitalism
Communism
  • Class struggle between rich and poor. 
  • Workers will seize power in violent revolution.  
  • Inequality abolished. Classless society.
  • Means of production like money, land and factories will be owned
by the state.
  • State takes care of a fair distribution of goods  among the people.

Communism = Movement in socialism which aims to give labourers control through a revolution, thus creating a classless society.

Slide 17 - Slide

Socialism against capitalism
Social democracy 
  • Moderate movement
  • No class struggle or revolution
  • Improve living and working conditions of workers
  • Drafting social laws in parliament 

Social democracy = Moderate movement within socialism, which 
aims to improve the labourers' working and living conditions
through parliament rather than revolution.

Slide 18 - Slide

The first social laws
  • 1881 First socialist political party founded (SDB). 
  • Social democrats wanted expansion of universal 
suffrage  (= algemeen kiesrecht)  for men. More 
political influence for workers.

  • In 1894 Sociaaldemocratische Arbeiderspartij (SDAP)  
founded (leader Troelstra). 
  • Suffrage was gradually expanded. 
  • In 1917 universal suffrage for men.



Slide 19 - Slide

The first social laws
After 1870 Liberals and socialist worked together to improve the situation of workers.
Two reasons:
  • The terrible situation of the workers
  • The strikes and demonstrations. Liberals didn't want more unrest.
Example of social laws:
1874 Children's Act (Kinderwet van Van Houten)
Around 1900 the living and working conditions of workers hadden gradually improved.

Slide 20 - Slide

Who would help you if you were a poor worker in the 19th century?
A
government, Church and rich citizens
B
government, Church and family
C
government, rich citizens and family
D
family, Church and rich citizens

Slide 21 - Quiz

How did workers try to improve their situation?

A
They started a revolution.
B
They demonstrated and organised strikes.
C
They set up political parties.

Slide 22 - Quiz

What's not a way in which socialists tried to solve the social issue?
A
They set up political parties.
B
They fought for limited suffrage.
C
They made social laws together with the liberals.
D
They fought for universal suffrage.

Slide 23 - Quiz

Learning objectives
Learning objectives 3.2.1
1) I can describe the working and living conditions of workers.
2) I can describe the working and living conditions of the wealthy citizens.
You know the terms and dates of this section.
3) I can explain how workers tried to improve their situation.
4) I can explain how the wealthy citizens tried to improve the situation of the workers.
5) I can explain what socialism is.
6) I can explain how socialists tried to improve the situation of the workers.
7) I can explain which two developments brought about social laws at the end of the 19th century.


Slide 24 - Slide

Get to work
What? See whiteboard.
How? Alone 
Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 
Time? Until the end of the lesson. 
Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher. 

Slide 25 - Slide