5TSO Unit 3, Step 3: Adding meaning to your sentence

• Engels
• Secundair onderwijs

STEP 3: Adding meaning to your sentence

Ex. 1 Look at the paragraph below where several sentences are melted together. Answer the questions.

a) Whose, that, who, which have been underlined. What kind of words are these?

1. demonstrative pronouns
2. personal pronouns
3. relative pronouns
4. possessive pronouns

Ex. 1

FYI:

• demonstrative pronouns: e.g. that, those, these,...
  
• personal pronouns: e..g, I , you, we,...
• possessive pronouns: e.g. my, your, his,...

Witch

Which

Ex. 1

Ex. 1

c) Highlight the words they refer to (the antecedent).

(Deze vraag mag je in het Nederlands beantwoorden.)
Waar moet het antecedent staan t.o.v. het relative pronoun?

d) What is special about 'whose'? What does it mean? (translation = okay)

p. 130

Ex. 2

Look at the sentences below. Underline the relative pronouns and the relative clauses. Then mark the word(s) that the relative pronouns refer to (=antecedent). Look at the example.

p. 130

Ex. 3 p. 130 What do the pronouns in exercise 2 refer to? Also, indicate whether this is a person and/or a thing --> answer the multiple choice questions next.

Which relative pronoun(s) is/are used to refer to things and animals?

1. that
2. which, that
3. whose
4. who, that

Which relative pronoun(s) is/are used to refer to people?

1. that
2. which, that
3. whose
4. who, that

Remember?: which relative pronoun expresses a possession (for both people and things)?

1. that
2. which
3. whose
4. who

Ex. 3 p. 130

Ex. 4 p. 130: Do we need the information in the relative clauses to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentences in exercise 2? --> answer the multiple choice questions next.

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

Do we need the information in the relative clause to understand who or what we are talking about in the sentence?:

1. yes, the information is necessary (important)
2. no, the information is extra (less important)

p. 131

If the information in the relative clause is important/necessary, the relative clause is a ...

1. defining relative clause
2. non-defining relative clause

In a defining relative clause...

1. there are usually commas
2. there are usually no commas

If the information in the relative clause is extra/less important, the relative clause is a ...

1. defining relative clause
2. non-defining relative clause

In a non-defining relative clause...

1. there are usually commas
2. there are usually no commas

p. 132

that = is used in defining clauses, not in non-defining

         = is used in clauses without commas

which vs. that

1. Does the meaning of the sentence change if you delete the clause? --> Use THAT.
2. If the meaning doesn't change, does the clause give extra info about the subject? --> Use WHICH.

E.g.:

The Grand Canyon is a U.S. National Park that/which is in Arizona. 

(er is maar 1 National Park met de Grand Canyon)

My brother doesn't like sports that/which are played indoors. 

(er zijn meerdere mogelijke indoor sporten)

Noteer dit in je cursus, bv. op p. 132 onderaan

Use 'that'.

Use "which".

Does the meaning of the sentence change if you delete the clause?

If the meaning doesn't change, does the clause give extra info about the subject?

You can borrow the book
...
I have just finished reading.

1. that
2. which

The used car,
....
I bought last year, is a brown one.

1. that
2. which

Sylvie ate the last piece of sushi ... he was saving in the fridge.

1. that
2. which

p. 132

What were the correct answers?

1. which, that, which, whose, who
2. that, which, which, who, whose
3. which, which, that, whose, who
4. which, which, that, who, whose

p. 132

p. 133

Again, what were the correct answers?

1. which, that, that, which, that
2. who, which, which, who, that
3. whose, which, that, who, that
4. whose, which, that, which, that

p. 133

p. 133

What is the correct answer?

1. Solar Impulse 2, which landed in Abu Dhabi, is the first plane powered by the renewable energy source to tour the globe.
2. Solar Impulse 2, that landed in Abu Dhabi, is the first plane powered by the renewable energy source to tour the globe.
3. Solar Impulse 2, who landed in Abu Dhabi, is the first plane powered by the renewable energy source to tour the globe.
4. Solar Impulse 2 which landed in Abu Dhabi is the first plane powered by the renewable energy source to tour the globe.

What is the correct answer?

1. The plane, who has a wingspan wider than a Boeing 747, began the circumnavigation in March 2015 in Abu Dhabi.
2. The plane began the circumnavigation in March 2015 in Abu Dhabi which has a wingspan wider than a Boeing 747.
3. The plane, which has a wingspan wider than a Boeing 747, began the circumnavigation in March 2015 in Abu Dhabi.
4. The plane began the circumnavigation in March 2015 in Abu Dhabi who has a wingspan wider than a Boeing 747.

What is the correct answer?

1. I am alone in the plane but all the people who have worked on this project are completely devoted and committed to success.
2. I am alone in the plane but all the people whose worked on this project are completely devoted and committed to success.
3. I am alone in the plane but all the people which worked on this project are completely devoted and committed to success.
4. I am alone in the plane but all the people are completely devoted and committed to success that have worked on this project.

p. 133

p. 134

What is the correct answer for sentence 1? (let op komma's!)

What is the correct answer for sentence 2? (let op komma's!)

What is the correct answer for sentence 3? (let op komma's!)

What is the correct answer for sentence 4? (let op komma's!)

Are there any more questions about relative pronouns / clauses?