5.5 History of life on earth 2HVTTO

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

B5 The history of life on earth

• Jacket in your locker
• Put your things on your desk

       Laptop/Book

       Notebook, pencil case

• Bag on the floor
  
• Read pages 135-145

Lessongoals

• Understand: I can explain what biological relatedness means by correctly using the concept of a common ancestor.
• Apply: I can use fossils, DNA and comparative anatomy as evidence to show evolutionary relationships.

Homework U5 B5

asgmt . 1, 3, (4), 5, 7, 8, (9, 10)

Wheel of homework

Go to Lessonup.app and use this code

Reward

Penalty

Rewards

• +1 cm2 cheatsheet = you get to make a cheatsheet for a test. This starts being 1 by 1 cm. Everytime you earn this it gets 1 cm bigger to a max of 4 by 4 cm.
• 1/3 +0.5 = If you earn this 3 times you get to add 0,5 to one of your biology marks.
• Snitch = You can pick a classmate who also is checked for homework, you earn two V's (having 3 earns you a 1/3 +0,5)
• Too bad = You only get one V
  

penalties

• 45 min extra worktime = you need to come after school and do homework, this will last for 45 min or until the task is done
• Coloringpage = You get to pick a coloringpage, You need to color it and perform tasks that might be on it. You need to hand it in during the next lesson, If you don't you get 2 marks.
• 2/1 marks = a mark is an X, if you get 3 of these you will automaticly earn the 45 min extra worktime.
• Snitch = You can pick a classmate who also is checked for homework
• Lucky! = You don't get a penalty

What 'part' of evolution is meant with: survival of the fittest?

1. New species arise
2. Natural selection
3. Variation in genotypes

In a group of people everbody looks (slightly) different.
This is an example of?

1. New species arise
2. Natural selection
3. Variation in genotypes

Bacteria are killed with antibiotics.
Inside a group of bacteria, some can be resistant to antibiotics. These bacteria will probably reproduce more

1. New species arise
2. Natural selection
3. Variation in genotype

How can DNA be used to prove that two species are related?

Humans make use of natural selection.
In this case we select the traits we want.
This works by choosing organisms with traits that we consider best and letting those reproduce.

Can you think of organisms that humans have 'created' using this method?

Similarities in form

The form of organs or bodyparts in many organisms is quite similar.

This suggests they were all the same once

Vestigial organs

Organisms have remains of organs that used to have a function.

We call these vestigial or rudimentary

Similarites in embryos

Fossills

Fossills give us an understanding of what organisms used to live and what they looked like.

This allows us to understand how life has changed and adapted

Arguments in favour of evolution

Sediment = laag van zand/klei

Voor het ontstaan van fossielen is het belangrijk dat het dode organisme kort na overlijden volledig bedekt wordt. 

Hierdoor wordt niet elk dood organisme een fossiel maar slechts een klein deel!

De diepte van aardlagen maakt het mogelijk om te bepalen hoe oud objecten zijn die in deze laag gevonden worden.

Hoe dieper hoe ouder

Daarnaast hebben we tegenwoordig ook andere manieren om te bepalen hoe oud fossielen zijn

extra

Won't be on the test

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Fossils allow us to look into the past.
For some organisms, we find little to no fossils, even though we know they existed.
How is that possible?

extra

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Timeframe life on earth

Humans are a 'young' species. If you compare it to the existence of the planet or life.

Life on earth has been nothing more than single celled organisms for a very long time! (about 2.500.000.000 years!).

These are organisms like bacteria and algae.

From this moment on life started to adapt in to forms that had more than 1 cell.

Planet earth in 24 hours

If you were to put all events on earth, (from the forming of earth to now) on a 24 hour clock, this is what has happened.

extra

Deze stof komt niet op de toets!

!

extra

Deze stof komt niet op de toets!

!

What you should do: U5 B5

• Read pages 135-145
• Asgmt 1, 3, (4), 5, 7, 8, (9, 10)

Done with the above?

• Work on the next chapter(s)
• Learn for the test 
• Make other homework
• Read a book

Zw = Working with whispering

• Teacher is available for questions
• Only whisper with the student next to you
• Stay at your  desk

Many animals have similar bodies. (4 legs, 2 eyes, 1 head, etc.)

How can this be used as an argument in favour of evolution?

Tidy Duty

3 people each lesson

• Desks: empty and straight
• Chairs:  underneath the desks OR end of day: on the desks
• Floor: no rubbish