1.2 The first WW

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1.2 The first worldwar

Lesson objectives=

What is the direct cause of the war?

Why did the Schlieffen plan fail ?

How it was to fight and live in the trenches?

The 

BALKANS=

The powder

KEG of Europe

The Balkans

• Lots of tension in the Balkans
• Austria-Hungary had internal struggles

0

Direct cause (trigger) of the First World War

Gavrilo Princip assassinates Franz-Ferdinand and his wife

28th of June 1914

Why was Franz Ferdinand assassinated? 

1878 Serbia independent from

Ottoman Empire.

1908-1914 Tensions between A-H

and Serbia over Bosnia.  Serbs living

in Bosnia wanted that territory to 

become part of Serbia.

Black Hand = secret military society formed

with the aim of uniting Serbs.

Von Schlieffenplan

• German strategy named after
    general Von Schlieffen.
• Goal was to avoid a two-front war

The Schlieffen plan

Von Schlieffenplan

Because the German advance got stopped in the West and the Russians mobilised sooner than expected, the Von Schlieffenplan failed. The war became a stalemate. Neither of the alliances was able to break through the lines of the opposing side.

Sandbags were a quick and easy way to strengthen the trenches. 

There was plenty food at the start of the WW1, but the longer the war took, the less food reached the trenches. Not everything was fresh or healthy enough for the soldiers to eat.  

Apart from fighting the enemy, soldiers also had to take care of vermin like rats, fleas and lice. This was often a way to kill time in between battles.

Dogs were used to catch rats and mice, but also as a nice companion :)!

Soldiers didn't sleep for long in the trenches, but when they did at day would be the best. At night it would be the ideal time to spy on the enemy. 

With a periscope the soldiers could spy on the enemy.

The most valuable sources of WW1 are the diaries and letters we still have from soldiers that actually lived and fought in the trenches. 

For safety the trenches were built in a "zig-zag" pattern. 

In total 40.000 km of trenches were dug in France and Belgium. 

The area between trenches was destroyed in four years of battle. It was known as No Man's Land, since nothing survived. 

360˚ video of a trench   Check it out!

Guarding duty was vital to the succes of the trenches. Falling asleep on duty was punished severely.

Besides fighting battles other chores had to be done aswell, like filling the sandbags, repairing the barbed wire and cleaning the toilet pots.  

Effects

• The new weapons and warfare leave visible and invisible wounds.
• From the men with shattered faces...
• ...to severe psychological problems, often described as Shell Shock.”** 

Before and after....

...Intensive experiments were carried out with plastic surgery and masks.”

Because the soldiers have to stand for long periods in the damp and mud with the same boots and socks, their feet swell, become infected, and eventually die off.

Amputation is usually the only solution for trench feet

1.2 The first worldwar

Lesson objectives=

What is the direct cause of the war?

Why did the Schlieffen plan fail ?

How it was to fight and live in the trenches?

.....a reminder

The war started on the Balkan, but spread rapidly through Eu. 

Germany was the first to attack and invaded Belgium to move down to France. Germany had enemies on 2 fronts.

Eastern Front: Russia (big army, but outdated weapons) 

Western Front France and GB

War in Africa

War in Asia

Get to work.....

• Read 1.2 Europe goes to war
• Make par 1.2 ( everything except 1-6-8)

Assignment: Put events in chronological order

A) Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

B) Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia

C) Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

D) Germany declares war on France and invades Belgium

E) Germany declares war on Russia

F) Great Britain declares war on Germany

G) Russia mobilises 

Assignment: Put events in chronological order ANSWERS

B) Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia

A) Assassination of Franz Ferdinand 

C) Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia 

G) Russia mobilises 

E) Germany declares war on Russia 

D) Germany declares war on France and invades Belgium

F) Great Britain declares war on Germany 

1. belle epoque

2. central powers

3. Schlieffen plan

4. artillery

5. militarism

6. nationalism

7. the great war

8. allies

a. France

b. Austria-Hungary

c. good times are coming

d. two-front war

e. glorifying violence

f. trench war

g. warfare on land

h. be proud of your country