5.3 Genes and alleles

5.3 DNA and genes
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This lesson contains 24 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

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5.3 DNA and genes

Slide 1 - Slide

Slide 2 - Video

DNA

Slide 3 - Slide

DO YOU REMEMBER?

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nucleotides (base of DNA)

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4 different bases (nucleotides)
cytosine
guanine
adenine
thymine

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double helix (ladder)

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information is stored in code
AATCCGGACGAATTCCGGAAAAAATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCGCGCGAATTCATATATATCGGACGGACGAAC etc etc etc it would be a very thick book :-)

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GENE: section of DNA with complete code for a protein

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proteins
Lots of functions
E.g. enzymes, hormones, antibodies, cell structure

gene = code for 1 protein

Genes determine your characteristics

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copying
you start with one fertilised egg with 46 chromosomes...
you end up with billions of cells with the same 46 chromosomes => all of them a copy from the original.....
things can go wrong on the way => mutations (5.5)

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from DNA code to proteins
3 bases = 1 amino acid
ACC is code for one type
AAG is code for another

21 different amino acids.
string of amino acids = protein

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amino acids -> protein

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The molecule
shown in the
picture is called ...
A
DNA
B
single stranded DNA
C
an amino acid
D
a ribosome

Slide 18 - Quiz

This is a picture of ..
A
chromosome
B
gene
C
DNA
D
cell

Slide 19 - Quiz

Below are a few codes with 4 letters.
Which of these codes show a piece ofDNA?
A
ABCDBDCA
B
CAEFEAFC
C
GACTATGC
D
TACDDTAC

Slide 20 - Quiz

What do you call the part of a chromosome that carries the information for 1 heriditary trait?



A
DNA
B
a gene
C
a mother cell
D
an egg cell

Slide 21 - Quiz

Does the information for hereditary traits change when a cell is copied?

A
yes
B
no

Slide 22 - Quiz

this is a picture of ........
A
cell
B
chromosome
C
DNA
D
gene

Slide 23 - Quiz

Practice
Read paragraph 5.3
do 5.3 exercises 1,2,4,5,78,

Slide 24 - Slide