Rennaisance 2.0

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

learning goals

I know what the Renaissance was

I know the political background

I knnow how Thomas More fits in that story

I know what a utopia is.

I know the basic story of Utopia. 

PETRARCHAN SONNETS

octave + sestet

abbaabba cdecde

or

abbaabba cdccdc

volta: after octave

SHAKESPEAREAN SONNETS

3 quatrains + couplet

abab cdcc efef gg

volta: after 3rd quatrain

What do you know about the renaissance?

Renaissance

• Renaissance = ‘rebirth’ 
• renewed interest in the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome
•  examples in art, literature and thought (humanism) 
• Theocentric (God) -> Anthropocentric (Mankind)
  
• Memento Mori -> Carpe Diem
•  Italy: 14th century
• England: 16th century

scientific experiments

art and painting 

literature 

humanism

Copernicus

John Milton

Shakespeare

Christopher Marlowe

Galileo Galilei

Columbus

Erasmus 

Thomas Moore

Michelangelo

Leonardo 

Da Vinci

Renaissance

• Feeling of optimism
  

- Prospering economy (Queen Elizabeth I) 

- Growth of population

 - Progress in field of science

 - Growing literary 

Humanism

• School of philosophy / World-vision
• Optimistic, human-oriented and forward-looking view of life
• Individualistic
• ad fontes: to the sources

Humanists believed that it was possible to create an ideal society on earth. 

Da Vinci's Vitruvian Man

Consequences 

• Curiosity about the nature of the world (Copernicus)
• Exploration (Columbus - 1492)
• Cultural revival -> Art (Da Vinci and Michelangelo)
• -> Literature (Shakespeare, Spenser, Milton)

Scientific experimentation
Copernicus proved that the earth revolved around the sun. Galileo Galilei discovered the telescope and much more

discovered America in 1492

Da Vinci and Michelangelo - drew upon the achievements of classical antiquity. Put your name to your work. 

England mainly in literature

the Reformation

Individualism, look back at the original source (bible), invention of printing press

> Question Organisation of the church

1517 - Martin Luther - 95 theses

But this was not the only reason why England broke free of the Roman church. It was as much political s it was cultural. 

Henry VIII

What would you do if the pope wouldnt let you divorce your wife?

1. Get multiple wifes at the same time
2. Start your own church without a pope
3. Try for another baby with your current wife
4. Become a muslim

The six wives of Henry VIII

Sir Thomas More 

• Son of a famous lawyer
• He became a brilliant lawyer
• Was friends with Erasmus 
• human dignity and tolerance fused with Christian principles
• Imprisoned and eventually beheaded by Henry VIII for taking the side of the Pope 
• Best known work is Utopia 
• criticise contemporary society

Recognizable

A utopia cannot be completely different from our society, it must resemble it, and appear to be a progression from or alternative version of our current society.

Renaissance means rebirth. Rebirth of what?

1. Jesus Christ
2. Art, literature, classical philosophy
3. Catholicism

Motto of the Renaissance was:

1. Carpe diem - seize the day
2. Memento mori- Remember you'll die

Shakespeare's life (1564 - 1616)

• April 1564: born in Stratford-upon-Avon
  
• November 1582: marries Anne Hathaway
  
• May 1583: daughter Susanna born
  
• early 1585: twins Judith and Hamnet born
  
• c. 1585: begins acting career in London
  
• c. 1592: well-known dramatist in London
  
• August 1596: son Hamnet dies
  
• c. 1610: retires to Stratford, buys a large house there
  
• 23 April 1616: dies in Stratford
  

In de 16e eeuw was de Engelse taal nog niet zo heel erg uitgebreid. We hebben eerder al bij Geoffrey Chaucer gelezen dat hij al veel woorden aan de taal heeft toegevoegd.

Shakespeare staat erom bekend dat hij graag nieuwe woorden bedacht als hij iets wilde zeggen, maar de taal daarvoor nog niet bestond. Zo zijn er vele woorden en uitdrukkingen in het Engels die we aan hem te danken hebben.

Dit zijn vooral voorbeelden van uitdrukkingen die Shakespeare in zijn toneelstukken en gedichten heeft gebruikt, die we vandaag de dag nog steeds gebruiken.

Een aantal woorden die toegeschreven worden aan Shakespeare zijn: dishearten, accommodation, lonely, bump, obscene, radiance

* Het kan natuurlijk ook heel goed zo zijn dat de woorden wel werden gebruikt in het dagelijks leven in de 16e eeuw, maar nog nooit eerder werden opgeschreven. Veel van wat we denken te weten over Shakespeare is erg onzeker.