Final lesson on speeches

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Lesson goals

- By the end of this lesson you will be able to identify anaphora, symploce, epistrophe, alliteration, allusion, anadiplosis & antithesis in texts.

Recap: Which 3 forms of repetition have we learned about so far? Can you give an example of one of these forms?

Anadiplosis

The term anadiplosis is a Greek word, which means “to reduplicate.” It refers to the repetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause.

E.g. "You must make every effort to support your faith with goodness, and goodness with knowledge, and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with endurance, and endurance with godliness, and godliness with mutual affection, and mutual affection with love.”

Alliteration

In alliteration, words that begin with the same sound are placed close together. Although alliteration often involves repetition of letters, most importantly, it is a repetition of sounds.

E.g. "Phillip’s feet" is an alliteration because the sounds are the same. On the other hand:

"Cheerful cop" might begin with the same letters, but it is not alliteration because the sounds are not the same.

 

Antithesis

Antithesis, which literally means “opposite,” is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect.

E.g. “Setting foot on the moon may be a small step for a man but a giant step for mankind.”

Closely analyse the following quote. Write down the stylistic devices you can identify in this textfragment.

"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way"

Which stylistic devices could you identify?

"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way"

Song analysis: Iron Sky - Paolo Nutini

In groups of 4, analyse Nutini's song. Work together in 1 document and highlight all the stylistic devices you can find. Everyone uses a different colour. In your document write down your name and the colour you used. Hand it in at the end of the lesson

Allusion

In his song, Nutini includes part of a speech from the movie "The Great Dictator." In speeches (or literature -> Animal Farm), writers often allude to other texts, events, or figures from history. 

Consider using allusion in your speech

E.g. When talking about climate change and about nuclear reactors, you can allude to nuclear disasters that have happened in the past.

Homework

- Upload your document with the speech analysis to Teams

- Finish writing (and recording) your speech! (Deadline: April 2nd)