great empire

• English
• Secondary Education

The Mongolian Great Empire after Genghis Khan

When did Great Khan die?

How many sons did he have?

Ogedei Khan

The portrait of Ogedei Khan was created during the Yuan Dynasty, originally made in 1278.

 Ögedei Khan's Reforms

In August 1229, at a big gathering called the Great Kurultai held at Khuduu Aral near the Kherlen River, Genghis Khan’s third son, Ogedei, became the new Khan. He immediately started working hard to stabilize and organize the empire. Ogedei Khan made sure the "Ikh Zasag" law was followed across the entire country. He also created a massive network of horse stations, known as the Yam system. Government messengers used these stations to travel quickly, and they were also used to transport food and tax payments. 

 

   

Based on a population census, a unified tax policy was revised according to the characteristics of the conquered countries. Additionally, officials such as Alganch, Tamgach, and Dargach were stationed in cities to implement a combined military-civilian organization. The country's economic situation significantly improved, reaching a new stage of development. The construction of the capital city, Karakorum, intensified, making it a symbol of the empire's power.

 Ögedei Khan's Reforms-Өгөөдэй хааны шинэчлэлийн бодлого

Ogodei khan`s conquering-Өгөөдэй хааны байлдан дагуулал

What additional countries were conquered during the reign of Ögedei Khan?

conqueror

Tribes

fight

sworn

эзэнт гүрэн

байлдан дагуулагч, 

дайчин

овог аймгууд

дайснууд

тангарагт

тулаан

www.google.com

earth.google.com

What historical event related to Ogedei Khan will take place in 2029?

How many kilometers apart were the horse-changing stations established by Ogedei Khan?

1. 30 km
2. 40 km
3. 50 km
4. 60 km

Which state did Ogedei Khan conquer to fulfill his father's dying wish?

1. Khwarezm
2. Korea
3. The Jin Dynasty (Altan Uls)
4. The Tangut State

When did the "Campaign of the Eldest Sons" take place?

1. 1230-1234
2. 1234-1236
3. 1236-1241
4. 1238-1243

Match the sons who led the 1236-1241 campaign with their fathers:

Jochi

Tsagatai

Ogedei

Tolui

a. Buri

b. Guyuk

c. Munkh

 d. Bat

Which generals led the Mongol army during the Campaign of the Eldest Sons?

1. Mukhulai and Jebe
2. Subeetei and Jebe
3. Subeetei and Khubilai
4. Boorchu and Khubilai

Which of these countries was NOT conquered during the Campaign of the Eldest Sons?

1. Poland
2. France
3. Germany
4. Hungary

Why did the Mongol army suddenly return home after conquering European countries between 1236 and 1241?

1. Ogedei Khan passed away.
2. They had conquered all the land and reached the ocean.
3. There was a conflict among the Mongol generals.
4. They decided to rest because they had been fighting for a long time.

Ogedei Khan’s Confession

Ogedei Khan was a powerful ruler of the Mongol Empire. Towards the end of his life, he looked back at his reign and spoke honestly about his actions. He was proud that he finished his father’s work and fully conquered the Jin Dynasty to expand the empire. However, he admitted that he drank too much wine, which was bad for his health.

He did a great job by creating the horse station system (Yam) to connect the empire. But he deeply regretted that he listened to a woman with bad intentions and wrongfully took woman from the aunt Otchigon. 

He helped his people by digging wells in dry places so that people and animals had water. Sadly, he also confessed that he secretly harmed his loyal servant Dokholkhu because of false suspicions.

While he brought peace by appointing governors in the cities, he also admitted he was greedy and built walls to keep wild animals away from his brothers. Ogedei Khan was brave enough to tell the truth about both his successes and his errors.

Researchers discuss that Ögedei Khan was the first khan who evaluated and concluded  his own activities, revealing his mistakes and successes, as well as the lessons learned. 

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