Study of Language_week2

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Study of Language week 2

General aims & test

• The student has insight into general linguistics, sociolinguistics and historical insights based on the theories of applied linguistics.
  
• The student knows the substance-related linguistic terminology and can recognize and apply his/her knowledge on examples from the target language.
  
• The student understands the importance of linguistic knowledge and sees the link between linguistic knowledge and the teaching of the target language.
  

Planning

Recap previous chapters

Learning aims:

• You know a number of theories on the origin of language and you understand the ideas behind these theories. 
  
• You know the main processes involved in the introduction of new words into a language.
• You can link these processes to examples.

social interaction source:

yo-he-ho theory

the physical adaptation  

source

the genetic source

The natural sound  

source: 

the pooh-pooh theory

the natural sound source:

the bow-wow theory

the tool-making source

The divine source

One could argue that the word Zeitgeist was first .... in its original language and then .... by the English language.

1. Borrowed / converted
2. Compounded / blended
3. Compounded / borrowed
4. Borrowed / coined

borrowing

Loan-Translation (calque)

Compounding

Blending

derivation

distrust

staycation

paparazzi

beer garden

doorknob

You could decide to skip this one if they have shown understanding

What word forming process(es) made the following word possible?

Platonically

1. Conversion + hypocorism
2. eponym + derivation
3. clipping + derivation
4. blending + backformation

I need a handout.

What two processes were involved here?

1. compounding + conversion
2. compounding + backformation
3. Clipping + conversion
4. Conversion + acronym

Morphology  (chapter 6) 

Learning aims:

• You can explain what morphemes are
  
  
• You can identify morphemes in words and sentences

Fill in the blank. Morphology is the study of the ____ units of language still having meaning or grammatical function

How many morphemes?
The girls quickly walked down the uneven path.

1. 7
2. 10
3. 12
4. 13

We can distinguish two types of morphemes: free and _____

Lexical morpheme

Functional morpheme

Derivational morpheme

Inflectional morpheme

After

the

old

er

sister

mis

place

d

her

rabbit

s

she

was

look

ing

quite

un

happy

Check!

Learning aims:

• Can you explain what morphemes are?
• Can you identify morphemes in words and sentences?

Semantics (chapter 9)

Learning aims:

• You are able to recognize and name semantic/lexical relations between words.
  

Try describing terms without using the words related to them

Semantics = the study of the meaning of words, phrases and sentences.

Referential meaning

 Sharp, thin, steel instrument

Associative meaning

Pain, illness, blood, drugs..

Lexical relations

Synonyms - Antonyms:  huge / gigantic - big / small

Hyponyms / Prototypes: flower / rose --> prototypical flower

Homophones: bear / bare - flower / flour

Homonyms: mole (creature)  - mole (on skin)

Polysemy: head (of a person) - head (of a company) - head (of your beer)

Words can have ‘relationships’; how does a word ‘relate’ to another word?

Latin and Greek help here:

Nym = name

Phone = sound

Homo = one and the same

Poly = many/multiple

Semy = meaning

Synonyms

antonyms;

gradable

antonyms:

non-gradable

Reversives

nice

old

enter

false

agreeable

new

leave

true

Homonymy vs. polysemy

Sesame Street's character Count von Count is a play on words using ....

1. antonyms
2. homophones
3. homonyms
4. polysemy

metonymy & collocation

Metonymy: 

The White House issued a statement about the president buying new wheels. He drank the whole bottle and exclaimed that the pint had destroyed his life.

Collocation:

words that "belong" together. Torrential rain / salt and pepper

Check!

Learning aims:

• Are you able to recognize and name semantic/lexical relations between words?

Choice chapters?

Follow-up

• study! chapter 6 & 9. Test yourself continuously, space it out and repeat, repeat, repeat.
• Prepare for next week's lesson by studying chapter 10 & 11 (see #00 week 3 for clip on one lesson, read the other) 
• read the information on #OO