Chapter 2. The Enlightenment

4.2 The Enlightenment and the French Revolution
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This lesson contains 32 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 3 videos.

time-iconLesson duration is: 120 min

Items in this lesson

4.2 The Enlightenment and the French Revolution

Slide 1 - Slide

Learning Goal
1. You can give a definition of liberty, equality, natural rights, absolutism, Droit Divin and separation of powers and explain the difference between them.



Slide 2 - Slide

Today
  • The Enlightenment and the scientific revolution
  • Video about the Enlightenment (Verlichting) Thinkers
  • Reading Chapter 2
  • Questions 

Slide 3 - Slide

Enlightenment
  • Means 'Verlichting'
  • It is a period in time in which people started asking questions about society
  • From these ideas came the democracy that we live in!

Slide 4 - Slide

Before the Enlightenment
What are we looking at here?


Slide 5 - Slide

Who talks to God?
Why do bad things happen?
Why is the king, the king?
How do doctors make people better?
What is air and space?

Slide 6 - Slide

The Enlightenment
Political Ideas
  • Why is the king the boss?
  • Why do some people have more freedom than others?
  • Do people have rights?
  • All people?

Slide 7 - Slide

The Enlightenment
Political Ideas
  • Philosophers and other thinkers started to ask questions 
  • Not only about the world but also about society, people and God

Slide 8 - Slide

Video Assignment
  • Take a piece of paper
  • Watch the video
  • Write down all the concepts in the video (liberty, equality etc.)
  • Try to write down a definition for each

Slide 9 - Slide

Slide 10 - Video

What does equality mean?

Slide 11 - Open question

What does liberty mean? What kind of liberty?

Slide 12 - Open question

Reading!
Read:
  • Chapter 4.2
  • Write down who Voltaire, Locke and Montesquie were 
  • What were their ideas?
  • Do exercise 1, 2a and 3

timer
15:00

Slide 13 - Slide

When was the Enlightenment period?
A
1500-1600
B
1600-1700
C
1700-1800
D
1800-1900

Slide 14 - Quiz

When was the Enlightenment period?
A
16th century
B
17th century
C
18th century
D
19th century

Slide 15 - Quiz

What was the Enlightenment period?

Slide 16 - Open question

What was the Scientific Revolution? Explain

Slide 17 - Open question

What were some important Enlightenment ideas? Write down at least 2

Slide 18 - Open question

Enlightenment Political ideas
  • Natural rights

  • Liberty

  • Equality

  • Separation of powers


Slide 19 - Slide

Voltaire
Voltaire is for tolerance and religious freedom. Voltaire was a deist: God exists but is no longer active in the world.
  The best system of power, according to Voltaire, was enlightened absolutism. This means that a king who thinks enlightened makes good decisions for the people, because the people are too stupid to make decisions for themselves.

Slide 20 - Slide


John Locke:

All people have natural rights that nobody can take away, not even a king.



Slide 21 - Slide

Natural rights
Example: 
  • Every person has a right to live life

Slide 22 - Slide

Slide 23 - Slide


Montesquieu

  • He is famous for his theory of the Separation of Powers (Trias Politica):
  • Power should be split up into three seperate parts, being:
  • the legislative (making laws), executive (carrying out the laws) and judicial (providing independent judgement) branch.



Slide 24 - Slide

Slide 25 - Video

Slide 26 - Video

However....
Why was there still inequality in 18th century Europe?

Slide 27 - Slide

Get to work!
Do exercise:


Slide 28 - Slide

Source Questions
What do I write?
  • If necessary, explain the concept
  • In the source I can see………………. / In the source I read that…………..
  • This shows that………………..because………………

Slide 29 - Slide

Statement: During the enlightenment scientists began to use a new method which led to many new discoveries. Use this source to explain this new method and why it was so different from previous centuries.
  • Read the question – What are you being asked to do?
  • Is there concept I need to explain?
  • The source – who made it, when, how does it link to the concept?
  • Find the important elements of the source that you need to answer the question.

timer
3:00

Slide 30 - Slide

Statement: During the enlightenment scientists began to use a new method which led to many new discoveries. Use this source to explain this new method and why it was so different from previous centuries.
  • Write your answer:
  • If necessary, explain the concept
  • In the source I can see………………. / In the source I read that…………..
  • This shows that………………..because………………


timer
2:00

Slide 31 - Slide

Write your answer

Slide 32 - Open question