Grammar unit 4-5

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Grammar unit 4-5

Past Perfect/Past Simple

Adjectives & adverbs

Passive

Irregular verbs

Past Perfect

Voltooid Verleden Tijd

Regelmatige werkwoorden : had + werkwoord + ed

had walked

Onregelmatige werkwoorden: had + 3de rijtje (achterin je boek)

had bought

What is happening in this sentence?

When he arrived at the train station, the train had already left.

What happened

first?

🇬🇧 Past Simple 

🇳🇱 Verleden Tijd

ww+ed

(irr. verb = 2e vorm)

I 

I saw him yesterday.

🇬🇧 Past Perfect

🇳🇱 Voltooid Verleden Tijd

🇬🇧 Past Simple 

🇳🇱 Verleden Tijd

ww+ed

(irr. verb = 2e vorm)

He arrived to the train station.

I decided to walk home.

🇬🇧 Past Perfect 

🇳🇱 Voltooid Verleden Tijd

had + ww+ed

(irr. verb = had + 3e vorm)

When he arrived to the train station the train had left.

I had lost my bike key so I decided to walk home.

The Past Perfect shows what happened first in the past.

Fill in the Past Perfect:
When I walked in, the meeting ___already___ (start).

Fill in the Past Perfect:
After he ______ (pass) his exam, he threw a party.

They ________ (show) me the pictures they ________ (take) during their holiday.

1. had shown - took
2. showed - had taken

Adjectives + Adverbs

Adjectives/ Bijvoeglijke naamwoorden

• Zeggen wat over zelfstandig naamwoorden
• The red dress (red zegt wat over de jurk)

Adverbs/ Bijwoorden

• Geven meer informatie over andere adjectives en werkwoorden en eindigen op -ly
• She is really old ( really geeft extra informatie over hoe oud)

Adjective or Adverb
She drove very slowly
'slowly'

1. Adjective
2. Adverb

Adjective or Adverb
She is a very beautiful girl
"beautiful"

1. Adjective
2. Adverb

Passive vs. active

In active:

Person/thing does the action

In passive:

What happens to people(or things)

Alle tijden van de passive 

Tense                    Active                                  Passive

Present Simple	I write a letter	A letter is written
Present Continuous	I am writing a letter	A letter is being written
Past Simple	I wrote a letter	A letter was written
Past Continuous	I was writing a letter	A letter was being written
Present Perfect	I have written a letter	A letter has been written
Past Perfect	I had written a letter	A letter had been written
Future Simple	I will write a letter	A letter will be written
Modal	I must write a letter	A letter must be written
Modal Perfect	I should have written a letter	A letter should have been written

Active to passive
The students understand the passive.

Irregular verbs

Irregular verbs moet je uit je hoofd kennen

form	rule
past simple (verl. tijd)	verb + ed
	I walk ed to school.
present perfect past perfect	have/has + verb + ed had + verb + ed
using past participle (voltooid deelwoord)	She has work ed today. She had work ed that day.

Regular verbs

Irregular verbs

swim

walk

leave

cook

give

have

Irregular Verbs:
zijn = ...-...-...

Irregular Verbs:
hebben = ...-...-...

Irregular verbs
kopen- .......... - ............-............

irregular verbs:
verkopen = ..... - ..... - .....