YR3-CH10-LSN7_immunization and immune disorders

 LESSON 6
CHAPTER 10

Immunization and immune disorders
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This lesson contains 28 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

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 LESSON 6
CHAPTER 10

Immunization and immune disorders

Slide 1 - Slide

Learning goals:
  • I can explain what the concept of immunization means
  • I understand and I can explain the various forms of immunization
  • I can explain what the consequences are of a not properly functioning immune system

Slide 2 - Slide

KEY WORDS:
  • immunization
  • active / passive / natural / artificial
  • serum
  • blood groups
  • allergic reaction





Slide 3 - Slide

Which cell type(s) is the most important contributing factor to immunity?
A
macrophages and neutrophils
B
dendritic cells
C
active B- and T-cells
D
memory B- and T cells

Slide 4 - Quiz

Explain what it means when someone is immune

Slide 5 - Open question

Immunization
The action and process of making someone immune

Slide 6 - Slide

Describe different ways how someone can be immunized.

Slide 7 - Mind map

4 categories of immunization

Slide 8 - Slide

Passive immunization
a way of immunization in which NO memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system remained passive

advantage: immunity is obtained almost immediately

drawback: immunity is only for the short term

Slide 9 - Slide

Active immunization
a way of immunization in which memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system was activated

advantage: immunity is long-lasting

drawback: it takes time before immunity is obtained

Slide 10 - Slide

Someone is injected with an antidote: antibodies against a disease.

This is a form of ...
A
passive immunization
B
active immunization

Slide 11 - Quiz

Natural vs artificial immunization
natural immunization
the way someone encountered the immunizing agent occured in a natural fashion 

artificial immunization
the way someone encountered the immunizing agent occured in a artificial fashion 

Slide 12 - Slide

Kyara is a baby who still drinks milk from her mother. This milk contains antibodies from the mother.

The described form of immunization is ...
A
natural
B
artificial

Slide 13 - Quiz

active 
passive 
natural 
artificial
Drag the example to the correct spot in the table
getting infected with the flu-virus
an unborn child receiving mommy's antibodies 
getting your annual COVID-19 shot
receiving an antidote against a snake-bite 

Slide 14 - Drag question

ACTIVE IMMUNISATION           PASSIVE IMMUNISATION
WHO PRODUCES THE ANTIBODIES?
Get the disease

- Make your own antibodies
--Make long term memory cells
Vaccination/immunisation

- Make your own antibodies
--Make long term memory cells
Placenta or breastfeeding

- Mother makes antibodies
--No long term memory cells
Serum (blood plasma containing antibodies)

- Antibodies from serum
--No long term memory cell
artificial
natural

Slide 15 - Slide

Slide 16 - Video

In case of a vaccination, what is being injected into the patient?
A
antigens
B
antibodies

Slide 17 - Quiz

Vaccination is an example of what kind of immunization?
A
passive natural
B
active natural
C
passive artificial
D
active artificial

Slide 18 - Quiz

Blood types of the AB0 system
  • Red blood cells carry different kinds of proteins on their membranes.
  • The most common ones are protein A and protein B

  • If you have blood type A, your red blood cells only carry protein A
  • If you have blood type B, your red blood cells only carry protein B
  • If you have blood type AB, your red blood cells both carry protein A and B
  • if you have blood type 0 (zero), your red blood cells carry neither

Slide 19 - Slide

Amina has blood type B.

How will her immune system recognize proteins A and B?
A
protein A will be recognized as a self-antigen protein B will be recognized as a self-antigen
B
protein A will be recognized as a foreign-antigen protein B will be recognized as a self-antigen
C
protein A will be recognized as a self-antigen protein B will be recognized as a foreign-antigen
D
protein A will be recognized as a foreign-antigen protein B will be recognized as a foreign-antigen

Slide 20 - Quiz

Foreign blood types
  • If proteins are recognized as foreign:
  • the innate and adaptive immune system will respond
  • In the end antibodies will be produced against the foreign protein (antigen)
  • these antibodies will form massive antigen-antibody complexes 
  • as a result blood will clot
  • causing the capillaries to clog up

Slide 21 - Slide

Donors and recipients

Slide 22 - Slide

At the blood donating facilities, people with blood type 0 are preferred as donor.

Explain why blood type 0 is the preferred blood type for donors.

Slide 23 - Open question

Allergic reaction
  • Exaggerated response against an otherwise harmless antigen (allergen)
  • Common allergens: pollen, mites, nuts, shellfish etc.
  • Antibodies against allergens bind to 'mast cells' (certain type of white blood cell)
  • Histamine is released from mast cells
  • Histamine causes all complaints linked to allergic reaction
  • redness, production mucus, swelling etc

Slide 24 - Slide

Allergic reaction
  • Exaggerated response against an otherwise harmless antigen (allergen)
  • Common allergens: pollen, mites, nuts, shellfish etc.

Slide 25 - Slide

Patients that suffer from an allergic reaction often get drugs described called anti-histamins. They block the function of histamine.

Explain if this treatment is meant to cure or to relieve symptoms.

Slide 26 - Open question

Learning goals:
  • I can explain what the concept of immunization means
  • I understand and I can explain the various forms of immunization
  • I can explain what the consequences are of a not properly functioning immune system

Slide 27 - Slide

Homework
  • Access the Kerboodle pdf via the classroom (updates tab) and read the following pages: 147-149
  • Do the assignments during/after lesson 7 on classroom (questions from the Kerboodle book)
  • GLOSSARY QUIZ= FORMATIVE, therefore no grade that counts
  • 31st October!!! (because no grade that counts)

Slide 28 - Slide