The Skeleton Unveiled: Exploring Jointed Skeletons and Their Functions

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 1

What is a Skeleton?

A framework of bones that supports and protects the body.

lesson orde Checklist :

• skeleton functions
• skeleton types
• bones
• posture
• materials of the skeleton
• joints parts & types
• disease
• muscles

MM

Mindmup

Tips!

- study notes

- study mindmup

- study the glossary

- do the formatives

- watch your spelling on the bones!

Info!

The TEST will be on your Mac:

- partly Multiple choice.

- partly open questions.

The Part of the bones will be on paper, you need to be able to write and spell all the bones!

different types of skeleton

 Exo skeleton: Hard external skeleton found in insects, crabs, and other invertebrates.

Endoskeleton: Internal skeleton found in vertebrates like humans, providing flexibility and support.

Hydrostatic skeleton: Many cold-blooded and soft-bodied animals such as worms and water slugs

The animals simply absorb a lot of water and store this in their bodies

Endoskeleton

• Skeleton is inside the body
• Not very heavy
• Able to repair itself
• Example: humans, dogs, ...

Today: Learning Objective

•  human skeleton 
• functions of the skeleton 
• learn the different parts of the skeleton
• the names of the bones

self reading

open your text book

 read on page 91

how: alon and in silence

time: 5 min

done: complet the skeleton picture on page 87

The skeleton 

• 206 bones in our skeleton
• Smallest and largest bone
• babys have around 231-300 bones?

The bones of the human skeleton

4 basic parts of the skeleton:

- skull: protects the brain

- The backbone/spine: carry body weight + protect spinal cord

- Rib cage: protect lungs + heart

- Limbs: arms & legs (+ muscles) for locomotion

Link to the correct skeleton type!

Exoskeleton

Endoskeleton

Hydrostatic skeleton

Starfish

Wasp

Snake

Only in water

Moults

Has bones

Drag the correct organsystem towards the correct image 

Nervous system

Digestive system

Muscle system

Respiratory system

Skeleton

Circulation system

The human skeleton

How many bones do adults have in the body?

1. 300
2. 206
3. 150
4. 260

How many bones does the baby skeleton have?

1. 406
2. 206
3. 270
4. 311

Which function of the human skeleton is shown in the image beside?

1. blood cell production
2. support
3. protection
4. movement

Which function of the human skeleton does the skull provide?

1. blood cell production
2. support
3. protection
4. movement

Insects have exoskeletons, humans have endoskeletons and most Cnidarians have a hydrostatic skeleton.

What is the function of all three?

1. It protects the organism from predators.
2. It produces blood cells.
3. It gives the body shape and support.
4. It protects the organism from stupid mistakes.

next lesson

checking home work

open your text books and let us discuss the homework

 in pairs exchange your books and let your classmate correct your work

last lesson 

was about all parts of the skeleton

name the 4 parts of a skeleton

why do we ahave a skeleton

Name the four functions of the skeleton.

Jelly fish, sponges and some types of worms have a ... skeleton

A skeleton at the inside of the
body is called an ...... skeleton

Skeleton

What are the names of the bones?
5
6
3
14

Which bones do you know already=

How are the bones in your fingers and toes named?

Name 3 bones present in the leg

Name 3 bones above the pelvis

Why do you have less bones than a baby?

What isn't a function of the skeleton?

1. Giving shape to the body
2. Making movement possible
3. Keeping organs in their spots
4. Protecting organs

WHAT TYPE OF SKELETON DO FISH HAVE?

1. EXO SKELETON
2. ENDOSKELETON
3. LIQUID SKELETON

next lesson

today: 

learn about the verterbrea and thge spinal cord

zelf reading

read about the spinalcord in your book

how: alone 

time: 5 mins

write the words you dont understand

spinal cord

The bones in the spine are called vertebrae. The spine also surrounds and protects the spinal cord. This important part of the nervous system runs through the centre of the spine.

 

cartilage/vertebrea discs

Between the vertebrae there are discs, made of a soft, flexible material called cartilage. 

 absorb shocks and prevent the vertebrae from grinding together when you move.

 Some parts of the spine are more flexible than other parts. 

The neck is the most flexible part.

The skeleton of a adult contains.... bones

1. 500
2. 206
3. 350
4. 150

What isn't a function of the skeleton?

1. Giving shape to the body
2. Making movement possible
3. Keeping organs in their spots
4. Protecting organs

Which of the following parts of the skeleton is not important for protecting body parts?

1. The skull
2. The ribcage
3. The spine
4. The limbs

What is not a function of the skeleton?

1. Movement
2. Blood cell production
3. Support
4. Digestion

The skeleton of a baby consists of ... bones

1. 100
2. 270
3. 206
4. 75

The skeleton is a ...

1. organism
2. organsystem
3. organ
4. tissue

The skeleton is 'dressed' with skeletal muscles. One of the skeleton's tasks that best fits this is...

1. To protect the brain
2. This is for the strength of the skeleton
3. This is how the shape of the body can be recognized
4. This is necessary to move

Posture

Posture is the position in which you hold your body when you are standing, sitting or lying down.

 Good posture prevents injuries to your skeleton. 

Bad posture puts too much strain on your spine and other bones

What is the difference between good and bad posture?

Good posture: When you look at your spine from the side, you see that it has a double S-shape:

 it looks like two letters ‘S’, one on top of the other.

•  This special shape makes your spine stable and flexible. 
• It also helps to keep your balance when you are standing,

 t acts as a shock absorber when you walk. Having a good posture means that you maintain the double S-shape all the time, especially when you want to lift something heavy such as a box.

Bad posture:

Your spine no longer has the double S-shape. It bends too much in some areas, such as the shoulders and the neck.

 This can cause your spine and its attached muscles to get injured, which over time can cause a lot of discomfort and pain.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.