conditionals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

The goal of today's lesson:

• to be able to form conditional sentences
• to be able to use these sentences in different situations

CONDITIONALS = voorwaardelijke zinnen

WHAT? Conditionals are sentence structures that explain a particular situation or circumstance and its consequences.

If this happens, then that happens.

FORM? If the sentence starts with 

the ‘if clause’, you add a comma 

between the ‘if clause’ and the 

‘main clause’. 

'If' statements - 4 kinds:

• 0: facts - If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1: real or likely situations - If a soldier kills the ogre, he will be named champion.
• 2: unlikely or hypothetical situations - If I won the lottery, I would go travelling around the world.
• 3: situations that cannot be changed - If I had studied for the test, I would have passed. (But I didn't study, so I didn't pass.) 

You may use 'when' instead of 'if' when using the zero conditional

Fact: If + present simple = > present simple

condition: 

If + present simple (If I win)

result: present simple
(I don't eat)

zero conditional: 

Facts

If you press the button, the light ________ (come) on.

Real/likely situation: If + present simple => will

1st conditional: 

Real / likely situations

condition: 

if + present simple (If I tell)

result: 

will + verb (I will get)

If - sentences (first conditional)

If you study well,

you will pass the test. 

voorwaarde

waarschijnlijk gevolg

* "If-clause", het zinsdeel waar if in staat.

* In dit zinsdeel gebruik je altijd de present simple

Hier: study

If she _______ (not, hurry), we will miss the train. (use abbreviation)

Unlikely situation: If + past simple = > would

2nd conditional: Unreal / unlikely situations 

condition: if + past simple (If I did)

result: would + verb (would I be)

If - sentences(second conditional)

If I won the lottery,

I would buy a bigger house.

voorwaarde

(onwaarschijnlijk)

waarschijnlijk gevolg

* "If-clause", het zinsdeel waar if in staat.

* In dit zinsdeel gebruik je altijd de past simple

  won

If I won a million euros, I __________ (buy) a million bags of crisps.

Careful: 2nd conditional 

Noteworthy exception

The form 'to be' in becomes 'were' not 'was' when giving advice

"If I were you, I would talk to a teacher."

Giving advice / imagining situations:

If I were you, I would study harder.

If I were a boy (even just for one day), I would roll out of bed in the morning.......... (Beyonce)

If I were a rich man, I would live a life of luxury.

Situations that you cannot change anymore: 

If + past perfect => would + present perfect

3rd conditional:

cannot be changed / past 

condition: 

if + past perfect 

(If I hadn't been caught)

result: 

would + present perfect 

(I would have gotten)

past perfect

had + volt dlw

vlt dlw: ww+ed /3e rijte

present perfect

have/has + volt dlw

vlt dlw: ww+ed /3e rijte

I ______________ (not go) to see that film if I had known how bad it was!

1. wouldn't go
2. won't go
3. wouldn't have gone
4. am not going

if + past simple + would/could/might - for hypothetical situations in the present or future, suggestions and advice

if/unless + present simple + will/ won't might - for a future possibility

if + past perfect + would have + past participle - for hypothetical situations in the past or regrets about the past

if/when + present simple + present simple - for general truths or the result of a situation/action

Zero conditional

first conditional

second conditional

third conditional

I’d definitely ask her for an autograph if I __________ (see) Shakira in the supermarket!

1. saw
2. had seen
3. would see
4. see

She’ll meet us later if she __________ (not have) to work.

1. won't have
2. doesn't have
3. wouldn't have
4. didn't have

If I saw a UFO, I ___________ (take) a photo!

1. take
2. took
3. would take
4. would have taken

zero conditional
if it rains, you ............wet (to get)

My brother ... (be) very disappointed if he misses this year's festival.

1. is
2. was
3. were
4. will be

Water ... (boil) if you heat it to 100 degrees Celsius.

1. is going to boil
2. boils
3. is boiling
4. will boil

If I were you, I (not+go) to that school.

1. am not going
2. don't go
3. won't go
4. wouldn't go

If there hadn't been so much traffic, we (not+miss) our train!

1. wouldn't have missed
2. hadn't missed
3. didn't miss
4. won't miss

If you won a lot of money, what (you/spend) it on?

If she (study), she would have passed the exam.

If you were going to learn another language, which one (you/choose)?

If yuu had the money to go to any place in the world, where (you/go)?

If I (not eat) so much, I wouldn't have felt so sick. (use abbreviation)

If I _____ you, I _____ out with that man.

1. were; wouldn't go
2. had been; wouldn't have gone

If she _____ a taxi, she _____ the plane. Now she has to come back tomorrow.

1. took; wouldn't miss
2. had taken; wouldn't have missed

I'm sooo hungry! If only I ______ lunch, I ______ much better now.

1. made; would feel
2. had made; would have felt
3. made; would have felt
4. had made; would feel

Write down your own example of a first, second and third conditional.

Ik snap de conditionals

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