HISTORY OF IRELAND 2 - history

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Slide 1: Slide
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This lesson contains 24 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

time-iconLesson duration is: 50 min

Items in this lesson

Slide 1 - Slide

Slide 2 - Slide

But what caused this animosity between Ireland and Britain?

First, we need some history to explain it. 

Slide 3 - Slide

Celts
  • First (known) inhabitants of Ireland
  • Pre-Christian
  • Gaelic language & culture
  • Few written sources
  • "clans" and "druids"
  • polytheisthic (multiple gods)

Slide 4 - Slide

Vikings
  • from Denmark and Norway
  • 800 - 1066 AD
  • In search for land, they invaded other countries 
  • In Ireland, they founded many coastal towns (such as Dublin, Waterford)
  • Eventually mixed with Irish people

Slide 5 - Slide

British occupation

early British rule

Slide 6 - Slide

Henry VIII

  • Lived 1491 - 1547
  • Married 6 times (and beheaded a couple of his wives)
  • Was not allowed to divorce by the Pope
  • Therefore: broke with Rome
  • Founded Anglican church so that he could divorce --> England became Protestant
  • Declared himself King of Ireland

Slide 7 - Slide

Slide 8 - Slide

British occupation
Actual colonisation

Slide 9 - Slide

plantation of Ulster (1)
  • Started in early 1600's
  • organised colonisation of Ulster province
  • "test case" for later British Empire
  • Land was taken from Gaelic chiefs (clan heads)
  • Given to Presbyterians (Protestants), mostly Scottish, who spoke English and were loyal to the Crown
  • Irish were not allowed to work for or rent from the new Protestant Lords

Slide 10 - Slide

plantation of Ulster (2)
Goal: 
  • to control and 'civilise' Gaelic/ Catholic Ulster (Britain saw them as savages)
  • to sever the ties (banden verbreken) between Gaelic Ulster and the Gaelic Highlands in Scotland ("divide and conquer")

Slide 11 - Slide

Slide 12 - Slide

British occupation
The Dutch interfere - and squash the Irish once and for all...

Slide 13 - Slide

William of Orange (Willem III)
  • Huge figure in Irish history
  • especially in Northern Irish conflict 
  • 1688: became King of England (with his wife, Queen Mary II), after kicking out James II (Mary's dad) for being too nice to Catholics
  • Fought James II in Ireland - where he'd fled - and won

Slide 14 - Slide

Battle of the Boyne
  • James II (pro-Catholic) vs William of Orange (Willem III, protestant)
  • Symbolic moment for Protestant victory over the Catholics/ the Irish
  • Victory is still celebrated today by Protestants in Northern Ireland. And it's never much fun.....

Slide 15 - Slide

Slide 16 - Video

British occupation
things get worse for the Irish...

Slide 17 - Slide

The Great Famine: 1840's

Slide 18 - Slide

In the early 1840's, Ireland had a population of 8,4 million people.
1
Half of the population depended exclusively on potatoes. 
2
Mass starvation and emigration: over 1 million people die of starvation and disease. Around 2 million people leave the country. 
3
1845-1849: the potato crop fails for several years in a row
4
The population numbers in Ireland have never recovered since... 
5
Did Britain help their struggling colony....? Find out on the next slide!

Slide 19 - Slide

The Great Famine: 1840's
  • Relieve efforts were a joke: the British gave out loans (which the Irish soon couldn't pay back)
  • Irony: there was plenty of other food (grain, cattle, flour, eggs) but it was all to be exported to foreign markets by the landlords.
  • Britain thought the crisis was not unwelcome - corrected high birth rates among the 'inferior'  Irish
  • RESULT: a spark of nationalism and more anti-British sentiment

Slide 20 - Slide

Who are the original inhabitants of Ireland?
A
Normans
B
Anglo-Saxons
C
Vikings
D
Celts

Slide 21 - Quiz

Why did Henry VIII get in a fight with the Pope in Rome?

Slide 22 - Open question

What's the correct order of events?
A
Great Famine, Battle of the Boyne, Plantation of Ulster
B
Battle of the Boyne, Plantation of Ulster, Great Famine
C
Plantation of Ulster, Battle of the Boyne, Great Famine
D
None are correct

Slide 23 - Quiz

What did you learn today?

Slide 24 - Mind map