H3b - grammar test overview

H3B - Grammar unit 5+6
1. Wash your hands
2. Wipe your table
3. Place your books on the table
4. Put your phone away
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EngelsMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 3

This lesson contains 23 slides, with text slides.

Items in this lesson

H3B - Grammar unit 5+6
1. Wash your hands
2. Wipe your table
3. Place your books on the table
4. Put your phone away

Slide 1 - Slide

TODAY
  • Agenda, announcements, attendance
  • Overview
  • Present simple, past simple or present perfect?
  • Present perfect continuous or past perfect continuous?
  • Passive 
  • If-sentences (conditional first & second)

Slide 2 - Slide

Overview (see magister as well!)
  • Present simple <> past simple <> present perfect
  • Passive (present simple <> past simple)
  • First <> second conditional (if-zinnen)
  • Present perfect continuous <> past perfect continuous
  • Word order (+ where adverbs can be placed)
  • both, either, neither
  • Modals van kunnen, moeten, mogen
  • Conjunctions

Slide 3 - Slide

Grammar - 
present simple <> past simple <> present perfect

Slide 4 - Slide

Present simple <> Past simple <> present perfect
Present perfect

  1. Happened in the past but time is not important (most likely because it happened a lot)
  2. Started in the past and is still going on now 
  3. Happened in the past but the result is still visible now
  4. something is about to happen or just happened.

I/you/they/we have dyed my hair many times
He/she/it has not watched that movie yet.

signal words: 
  1. x times
  2. since (2020), in (ages), for (years)
  3.  x
  4. just, lately, recently, yet 
Present simple

Happens always, regularly or never 
Facts/time schedules 

I/you/they/we always walk home. 
He/she/it always walks home.

Signal words: always, never, often, regularly, sometimes, hardly ever 
Past simple

Something happened in the past and it's important when (time is indicated)

You walked home yesterday.
I drove home 10 minutes ago.

Signal words: any time indication in the past
e.g. 10 minutes ago, last year, in 2012, when I was young

Slide 5 - Slide

Grammar - 
present perfect continuous <> past perfect continuous

Slide 6 - Slide

Grammar - Past perfect continuous
  • Gebruik je om aan te geven dat iets voor een lange tijd bezig was in het verleden voordat iets anders gebeurde
  • Formule:
    had + been + [dictionary verb + - ing] 

Slide 7 - Slide

Grammar - Present perfect continuous
  • Deze actie is nu nog steeds bezig en gaat nog wel even door.
    I have been watching Friends for a while, but I haven't finished yet.
  • Formule:
    [have/has] + been + [dictionary verb + - ing] 

Slide 8 - Slide

Grammar - passive

Slide 9 - Slide

The passive
  • It's not important who did the action
  • Emphasize what happened 
Past simple
Criminals stole the diamond from the museum yesterday.
> The diamond was stolen from the museum yesterday (by the criminals). 

Present simple
My phone sends me daily reminders to drink water. 
> Daily reminders to drink water are sent to me (by my phone). 

Slide 10 - Slide

The passive
Step-by-step:
  1. Find the direct object (lijdend voorwerp) - your sentence will start with this.
  2. Check tense: present simple or past simple? 
  3. Add [to be] in the passive sentence using the correct tense
  4. Take the main verb of the active sentence and place it after [to be] in its past participle (voltooid deelwoord)
  5. At the rest of the sentence (you may leave the subject out) 
Followed step-by-step plan:
  1. Who/what walks my neighbour every day?
    My dog...
  2. Present simple (feeds)
  3. My dog is (present simple of 'to be')
  4. My dog is fed (past participle of 'feed') 
  5. My dog is fed in the park every day (by my neighbour). 
My neighbour feeds my dog in the park every day. 

Slide 11 - Slide

Grammar - if conditionals

Slide 12 - Slide

Grammar - first conditional
Possible or likely things that will happen in de future

If it rains later, we will stay home. 

if-part: present simple
Main sentence: will + dictionary verb
LET OP: If he doesn't join us, I won't come either. 

Slide 13 - Slide

Grammar - second conditional
Something is possible, but very unlikely to happen / impossible at the moment

If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car. (very unlikely)
If I had the time, I would pick her up from school. (impossible now)

if-part: past simple
Main sentence: would + dictionary verb

Slide 14 - Slide

Grammar - Conditionals - step-by-step
Decide which the conditional by looking at the meaning:
Fact / something that will happen if conditions are met/ request? > 
first conditional
Very unlikely to happen? > second conditonal
Find the if-part and the main sentence:
First-conditional > If = present simple, main = will + dictionary verb
second-conditional > if = past simple, main = would + dictionary verb
Check: 
Negative sentences: present simple gets 'do/does not', past simple gets 'did not', will/would simply add 'not'

Slide 15 - Slide

Grammar - modals
Moeten

Slide 16 - Slide

Grammar - Modals - Moeten (positief)
Must

persoonlijke noodzaak / kan niet anders (het moet wel zo zijn) 
Must + dictionary verb
1. You ____ (drink) more water when it's so hot outside! 
2. I ____ (train) every day, so that I become strong enough to win this competition.
3. You ____ (be) sweating so much with that sweater on.
have to

verplichting / iemand anders zegt wat je moet doen

have to + dictionary verb
should / ought to


zou(den) eigenlijk moeten / advies
ought to > netter + sterker

Should/ought to + dictionary verb

Slide 17 - Slide

Grammar - Modals - Moeten (negatief)
Mustn't

Dingen die niet mogen (van anderen)

Mustn't + dictionary verb
1. Look at that sign, you ____ (smoke) in this area.
2. You ____ (smoke). It's not only bad for your health but also very expensive.
3. She ____ (print) the files, I can also do it when I'm done here.
don't/doesn't have to

Je hoeft iets niet te doen (maar het mag wel)

[don't/doesn't] + have to + dictionary verb
shouldn't 

Advies / zou eigenlijk niet moeten

Shouldn't + dictionary verb

Slide 18 - Slide

Grammar - modals
Kunnen

Slide 19 - Slide

Grammar - Modals - Kunnen
Can

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid, 

tegenwoordige tijd

can + dictionary verb
1. He promised that he ____ (join) the football training tomorrow morning. 
2. Excuse me, ____ (you, pass) the sugar, please?
3. I ____ (run) around this field within 3 minutes. 
could

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid,

 verleden tijd + beleefdheid

could + dictionary verb
to be able to

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid,


 voor alle andere tijden (bijvoorbeeld future) 
[to be] + able to + dictionary verb

Slide 20 - Slide

Grammar - modals
mogen

Slide 21 - Slide

Grammar - Modals - Kunnen
May

Laten zien dat iets is toegestaan, zou kunnen (mogelijkheid)


may + dictionary verb
1. Why is Lisa not here? - She ____ (be) ill. 
2. I ____ (go out) until midnight since last year. 
3. I bought a lottery ticket. I ____ (win) this year. 
Might

zou misschien mogen, zou misschien kunnen (hele kleine kans)

beleefdheid

Might + dictionary verb
to be allowed to

Laten zien dat iets is toegestaan, zou kunnen (mogelijkheid)


 voor alle andere tijden (bijvoorbeeld future) 
[to be] + allowed to + dictionary verb

Slide 22 - Slide

Practice / Homework
Do Grammar exercises 35, 36 (p. 73) and the hand-out

Slide 23 - Slide