5.1 Trade and the rise of cities

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Chapter 5

5.1: Trade and the rise of cities

Welcome!

At the end of this lesson...

• You can give the reasons why cities developed in the Late Middle Ages.
  
• You can explain why a monetary economy developed again.

Today

• What do you know already? (+- 5 min)
• Explanation (+- 25 min) 
• Homework (+- 15 min)

Medieval City

Age cities and states (1000-1500)

In white you see a city gate. If you entered a city in the Middle Ages, you had to go through the city gate. In many cities a high and beautifully decorated church was built. In the background you see the inside of such a church.

Feniks, Geschiedenis Werkplaats, Memo, Saga

Improvements in agriculture

Around the year 1000

• three-field system.
• Reclaiming wasteland
• Yoke
• Iron plow

Ontginnen betekent dat boeren moerassen, heidegronden en bossen geschikt maakten voor de landbouw.  Denk hierbij aan het kappen of verbranden van bossen en heidestruiken.

IJzeren ploeg= IJzeren werktuig dat bij het ploegen vruchtbare grond naar boven haalt

Arabische Halsjuk= Landbouwwerktuig waarbij een os een ploeg met zijn schouders trekt

fallow

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Summer grain

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The three-field system

Year 1

Year 2

1. Year 3 

Winter grain

☃️

Summer grain

🏖

Fallow

🐄

Winter grain

☃️

Fallow

🐄

Winter grain

☃️

Summer grain

🏖

Draw with me!

Late Middle Ages

• Time of Cities and States (1000-1500)

• It is 'safer' and 'calmer'
• There is more trade
• Money makes a comeback
• Population is growing
• Cities are created

Dit is een plattegrond van Zwolle in de Middeleeuwen

agrarian-urban society: a society in which most people still live in the countryside and work in agriculture, but in which there are also cities with merchants and craftsmen.

Is money positive?

• Kingdoms and cities almost all had their own currency, so you had to exchange it all the time to trade. 
• One advantage was that trade and industry increased.

Trading cities

• During this period, long-distance trade also grew, that is, between different areas in Europe and even beyond.

• Cities that earned their money mainly from this type of trade are called trading cities

The Hanseatic League

• Most towns had a square where markets were held.
• The most important market was the annual fair, which lasted several weeks.
• Many traders traveled from fair to fair.

• A group of cities in Europe worked together to increase trade
• They called their association the Hanseatic League.

Dit is een plattegrond van Deventer, een van de Hanze-steden.

A trading association of cities along the North Sea and Baltic Sea that was at its most powerful in about 1350.

Kaart waarop alle Hanze-steden te zien zijn. De steden van de Hanze lagen vooral in Duitsland. Hier in Nederland waren onder andere de IJsselsteden Kampen en Deventer lid van de Hanze. 

Handelaren van Hanzesteden hadden allerlei voordeeltjes als ze handelden in elkaars steden. Ze betaalden bijvoorbeeld minder tol en belasting. 

Benefits of the Hanseatic Leaugue

• Sailing in groups for protection.
• Cooperating merchants from Hanseatic cities could demand that they pay less toll.
• Strict agreements with suppliers: they were not allowed to work with competing traders who were not members of the Hanseatic League.

Video

We're going to watch a video about the hanseatic league. Is the video to complicated? There is another one in Dutch!

schooltv.nl