Structural Formulas

What Is a molecular formula?
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Slide 1: Open question
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This lesson contains 13 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

time-iconLesson duration is: 50 min

Items in this lesson

What Is a molecular formula?

Slide 1 - Open question

A few examples  

Slide 2 - Slide

What is the difference between “molecular formula” and “structural formula”?

Slide 3 - Open question

In this table you can see the difference between  “molecular formula” and “structural formula”

Slide 4 - Slide

Line-bond structural formula:
 The line-bond structural formula is a very commonly used representation of the structural formula. Like the name suggests, the line-bond structural formula uses lines to show the covalent bonds between atoms. 

Slide 5 - Slide

Making a Molecule
When an atom interacts with another atom, it forms what is called a chemical bond. This interaction, this chemical bond links the two atoms together into something called a molecule.

Slide 6 - Slide

Making a Covalent Bond
Now, we're going to be talking about covalent bonds, which means that the atoms are going to share electrons. Covalent bonds are very strong bonds. They're very important in biology because they're very stable and because most biological molecules are made with covalent bonds. These biological molecules are then very stable. 
let's take Carbon for an example. Carbon has four valence electrons ( look at table 8.6 in your textbook, page 238), so it has the opportunity to form four different covalent bonds. So I can draw the four bonds that carbon can form with  hydrogens ( the covalency of Hydrogen is 1 )
like this:

Slide 7 - Slide

What is the covalency of N & H?

Slide 8 - Open question

The structural formula of NH3
Nitrogen has 3 valence electrons, so it has the opportunity to form 3 different covalent bonds. 

Slide 9 - Slide

Example
Consider the simple molecule with the molecular formula CH2Cl2. You might think that there were two different ways of arranging these atoms if you drew a displayed formula.
But these two structures are actually exactly the same.


Slide 10 - Slide

Now you are going to watch a video
watch the first two minutes of this video

Slide 11 - Slide

Slide 12 - Video

Slide 13 - Slide