Topic 3.5:moving particles

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Topic 3.5

moving particles

the arrow of gravitational force is drawn starting at....

1. top of the object
2. centre of mass
3. bottom of the object
4. side of the object

The symbol for speed is

1. s
2. v
3. m/s
4. km/min

3.5 moving particles

Learning goals

1. You can describe the three phases of a substance

2.You can name the transitions between phases

3. You can identify phases and phase changes in a graph

4. You describe heat changes the movement of molecules

5. You can describe diffusion  and how it is affected by temperature

6. You can describe collision theory and how it affects reaction rate

7. You can describe how change in temperature affects enzymes

what is temperature ?

1. average kinetic energy of the molecules
2. total energy of the molecules
3. difference in energy of the molecules
4. Potential energy of the molecules

what is heat ?

1. average kinetic energy of the molecules
2. total energy of the molecules
3. difference in energy of the molecules
4. Potential energy of the molecules

Increase in temperature 

Increase in kinetic energy and space between them 

Which of the following is NOT a phase of a substance?

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Density
4. Gas

Solid

- Fixed shape (crystal)

- Molecules are vibrating

- Not a lot of kinetic energy

         (Low temperature)

Liquid

- No fixed shape, Volume fixed

- More space between molecules and they shake a lot more (more kinetic energy)

- Medium kinetic energy

           (medium temperature)

Gas

- No fixed shape, no fixed volume

- Distance between molecules is big

- Velocity of molecules is high, Kinetic energy is high

A substance can change from solid to liquid. This is called a phase transition.
What is the name of this phase transition?

1. freezing
2. evaporation
3. melting
4. deposition

A car is driving 20 m/s and has to stop for a traffic light. It takes him 5 sec to stop. What is his acceleration?

1. 15 m/s^2
2. -15 m/s^2
3. 4 m/s^2
4. -4 m/s^2

a liquid has a fixed shape

1. true
2. false

Phase transitions

Phase: solid, liquid or gas

Transition: change

Phase transition is a change of phase

example: going from a liquid to a gas is called evaporation

Phase transitions

Solid to liquid = Melting

Liquid to solid = Freezing

Liquid to gas = Evaporation

Gas to liquid = Condensation

Gas to solid = Deposition

Solid to gas = Sublimation

How many Kelvin is 75 degrees Celsius

1. -198 Kelvin
2. 0,27 Kelvin
3. 3,64 Kelvin
4. 348 Kelvin

Solid water is directly changed into a gas.
This transition is called....

1. Sublimation
2. Melting
3. Deposition
4. Condensation

The gravitational force on an object is 44,0 N, WHat is his mass?

1. about 35,0 kg
2. about 430 kg
3. about 4,5 kg
4. about 88,2 kg

What is the opposite to a endothermic reaction?

150 degrees Celsius is .....

1. 288 Kelvin
2. 423 Kelvin
3. 4095 Kelvin
4. 18,2 Kelvin

What kind of movement is this object doing at 11 s ?

1. accelerating
2. constant speed
3. deccelerating
4. spinning around

Effect of temperature on chemical reactions

For a reaction to happen, molecules need enough energy

Collision theory

higher Temperature 

             more kinetic energy

                             enough to react

Effect of temperature on chemical reactions

There is a optimal temperature for a reaction to happen

I want to draw a force with a magnitude of 210 N.
The scale must be 1 cm = 60 N
How large should the arrow (vector) be?

1. 2,5 cm
2. 5,0 cm
3. 3,0 cm
4. 3,5 cm

Gasoline has a heat of combustion of 32 MJ/kg
How much energy wil you get by burning 2 kg?

1. 64 MJ
2. 32 MJ
3. 16 MJ
4. 32,5 MJ

A car is accelerating for 3 seconds, increasing by 12 m/s every second. What is his final speed?

1. 24 m/s
2. 36 m/s
3. 9 m/s
4. 15 m/s

What kind of movement will happen in this situation?

1. constant speed to the left
2. constant speed to the right
3. acceleration to the left
4. acceleration to the right

What kind of movement wil happen here

1. constant speed downwards
2. constant speed upwards
3. deceleration downwards
4. deceleration upwards

On an object the following forces are acting:
54 N to the right
23 N upwards
45 N to the left
23 N downwards
What type of motion will happen?

1. acceleration upwards
2. acceleration to the right
3. acceleration downwards
4. acceleration to the left