CH3 sec. 3.4 The struggle for voting rights

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• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 2

Memo hm 2 TTO

CH3 The age of citizens and steam engines

The industrial revolution

3.4. The struggle for voting rights

Industrial Revolution

1750-1850

A major turning point in world history

Learning objectives

Learning objectives 3.4

1) I can mention two important ideas liberals had about politics and the economy in the 19th century and what liberalism is.

2) I can describe the life of women in the 19th century.

3) I can explain what some women wanted to change about society and whether that worked.

4) I can describe that the Netherlands became increasingly democratic.

Liberalism

Liberalism =  the political idea that is focussed on the freedom of the individual; a government should interfere as little as possible.

Ideas about the economy:

• Wanted capitalism. 
• The government should interfere with the economy as little as possible.
• For example, factory owners were allowed to set wages and prices 

themselves and should not be bothered by all kinds of rules.

• Bad companies would go out of business and shut down. Businesses selling

 cheap and good products would sell a lot and make a high profits.

Liberalism

Ideas about government:

• The main task of the government was to ensure order and safety in the country.
• The liberals also wanted all citizens to have fundamental rights, such as freedom of speech or freedom of religion.
• Only rich people received the right to vote. According to many liberals, only rich people could make wise decisions.

What matches liberalism?
1) Freedom is important
2) Equality is important
3) The government should ensure order and safety in the country.
4) The government should make sure working days aren't longer than 8 hours and establish minimum wages.

1. 1 and 3
2. 1 and 4
3. 2 and 3
4. 2 and 4

What doesn't match liberal ideas about the economy?

1. factory owners decide on wages and prices themselves.
2. capitalism
3. government doesn't interfere with economie
4. government saves countries from going bankrupt

What doesn't match liberal ideas about the government?

1. only rich citizens are allowed to vote
2. fundamental rights for all citizens
3. government ensures order and safety
4. government takes care of the sick and poor

Liberalism and socialism

What matches liberalism and what matches socialism?

1) equality 2) freedom

3) competition leads to economic growth

4) sharing of wealth is important

5)  the weak in society should be protected by social laws

6) the government should only ensure order and safety

7)  supported by factory owners

8) supported by workers

Liberalism

2) freedom

3) competition leads to economic growth

6) the government should only ensure order and safety

7) supported by factory owners

Socialism

1) equality 

4) sharing of wealth is important

5) the weak in society should be protected by social laws

8) supported by workers

Emancipation

What is emancipation?

Granting equal rights to people who are treated unequal.

Two movements:

• socialism (equal rights for workers)
• feminism (equal rights for women)

Feminism

In the 19th century most women worked, because they were poor. 

Rich women didn't work.

Women weren't equal to men. They were unequal before the law.

• The man was the head of the family and was allowed to make all decisions alone. 
• Married women weren't allowed to file for divorce or spend large sums of money. 
• Women weren't allowed to vote. 

Not only the law, but also the norms and values limited the capabilities of women. 

• Women were responsible for housekeeping and looked after the children. 
• Girls only attended primary school.
• Women who worked were paid less than men.
  

Feminism

1870  Feminism = Movement which defends rights and status of women.

Feminists wanted equal rights for women.

• Same pay for men and women
• Chance to continue their education
• Women's suffrage (right to vote and the right to get voted for)

1870-1920 First feminist wave

Campaign for emancipation was mainly aimed at achieving women’s right to vote.

Feminism

Wilhelmina Drucker and Aletta Jacobs

1889 Vrije Vrouwen Vereniging (VVV)

1894 Vereniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht (VVK)

Organised meetings and demonstrations.

Emancipation

1848 Introduction limited suffrage

•  Only men (although not specified in constitution)
• Specific income level  (bourgeosie)

1887 Expansion limited suffrage

• Officially restricted to men only.
  
• Adjustments suffrage criteria. Extending men’s right to vote. 1888 26% > 1897 50%

.

Universal suffrage

1917 Universal suffrage for men

All men received:

• Active suffrage (right to vote)
  
• Passive suffrage (right to be elected)
  

All women received:

• Passive suffrage (right to be elected)
  

1919 Universal suffrage for men and women

Women received active suffrage as well.

The Netherlands had become a true democracy.

Learning objectives

Learning objectives 3.4

1) I can mention two important ideas liberals had about politics and the economy in the 19th century and what liberalism is.

2) I can describe the life of women in the 19th century.

3) I can explain what some women wanted to change about society and whether that worked.

4) I can describe that the Netherlands became increasingly democratic.

Get to work

What? See whiteboard.

How? Alone 

Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 

Time? Until the end of the lesson. 

Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher.