Shape Up: The Properties of 3D Shapes

• Mathematics
• Lower Secondary (Key Stage 3)

Shape Up: The Properties of 3D Shapes

Learning Objective

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify and describe the properties of 3D shapes.

This slide should set clear expectations for the students and provide a summary of what they will learn in the lesson.

What do you already know about 3D shapes?

What are 3D Shapes?

Three-dimensional shapes are objects that have length, width, and height. They are also known as solid shapes.

This slide should introduce the concept of 3D shapes and provide students with a basic understanding of what they are.

Faces

The flat surfaces of a 3D shape are called faces. Each face is a polygon.

This slide should focus on the concept of faces and provide examples of polygons that can be used to create them.

Edges

The line segments where two faces meet are called edges.

This slide should focus on the concept of edges and provide examples of how they connect faces of a 3D shape.

Vertices

The points where three or more edges meet are called vertices.

This slide should focus on the concept of vertices and provide examples of how they represent the corners of a 3D shape.

How many vertices does a pyramid have?

1. 4
2. 6
3. 7
4. 5

How many edges does a cube have?

1. 8
2. 12
3. 4
4. 6

What is an edge?

1. A straight line that extends infinitely in both directions.
2. A point where two or more lines meet.
3. A flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions.
4. The line segment where two faces of a solid object meet.

What is a face?

1. A straight line that extends infinitely in both directions.
2. The length of a line segment measured from endpoint to endpoint.
3. A flat surface that forms part of the boundary of a solid object.
4. A point where two or more lines meet.

What is a vertex?

1. A flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions.
2. A straight line that extends infinitely in both directions.
3. The length of a line segment measured from endpoint to endpoint.
4. A point where two or more lines meet.

Types of 3D Shapes

There are many types of 3D shapes, including prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, and spheres.

This slide should provide examples of common 3D shapes and introduce basic vocabulary associated with each shape.

Prisms

Prisms are 3D shapes with two parallel and congruent faces called bases. The other faces are parallelograms.

This slide should focus on the properties of prisms and provide examples of real-life objects that are prisms.

Pyramids

Pyramids are 3D shapes with one base and triangular faces that meet at a single vertex.

This slide should focus on the properties of pyramids and provide examples of real-life objects that are pyramids.

Cylinders

Cylinders are 3D shapes with two congruent circular bases and a curved surface that connects them.

This slide should focus on the properties of cylinders and provide examples of real-life objects that are cylinders.

Cones

Cones are 3D shapes with a circular base and a curved surface that tapers to a single point called the vertex.

This slide should focus on the properties of cones and provide examples of real-life objects that are cones.

Spheres

Spheres are 3D shapes with a curved surface that is the same distance from the center at all points.

This slide should focus on the properties of spheres and provide examples of real-life objects that are spheres.

What is the name of a 3D shape that has 6 faces, 8 vertices, and 12 edges?

1. Cylinder
2. Sphere
3. Cube
4. Cone

What is the name of a 3D shape that has 2 congruent parallel bases and a curved lateral surface?

1. Cube
2. Cone
3. Cylinder
4. Sphere

What is the name of a 3D shape that has a circular base and a curved surface that tapers to a point?

1. Cone
2. Sphere
3. Cylinder
4. Cube

What is the name of a 3D shape that has a curved surface and a center point that is equidistant from all points on the surface?

1. Sphere
2. Cone
3. Cube
4. Cylinder

What is the name of a 3D shape that has 5 faces, 8 edges, and 5 vertices?

1. Sphere
2. Cube
3. Cone
4. Pyramid

Identifying 3D Shapes

To identify a 3D shape, you need to look at the number of faces, edges, and vertices it has.

This slide should provide students with a strategy for identifying 3D shapes based on their properties.

Interactive Activity

Use the virtual 3D shapes tool to explore the different properties of 3D shapes.

https://www.nctm.org/tools/mathresources/NCTM_GeometricSolids.html

This slide should provide instructions for a class activity that allows students to explore 3D shapes in a virtual environment.

Can you find….
Can you find a 3D object in your school that has either:
(a) More faces than edges
(b) 0 edges
(c) The same number of faces as vertices

Review

What are the three properties of 3D shapes? What are some examples of 3D shapes? How do we identify 3D shapes?

This slide should provide a summary of the lesson and encourage students to review what they have learned.

What are the three properties of 3D shapes?

What are some examples of 3D shapes?

How do we identify 3D shapes?

Write down 2 things you learned this week.

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 1 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.

Activities

1. Guess the shape
   
2. Faces, edges and vertexes
3. Euler's Rule Investigation
4. Enlargement Investigation
5. Polyhedra investigation
6. Spider and the fly
7. Witch's hat
8. Make your own pencil case
9. Efficient cutting

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