2.8-2.9 High Netherlands

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• Leerjaar 2

High Netherlands

 

section 2.8-2.9

This lesson

1. You can check and improve your infographic (High Netherlands).

2. For the rest of the class it's a new topic. So make some notes.

==> next lesson: Low Netherlands

Homework: first version of the infographic

Program

The Dutch Landscape

Which landscapes do we distinguish and where are they in the Netherlands?

The natural history of the landscapes: soil types and relief.

Man's influence on the landscape

The Dutch landscape

The Dutch landscape consists of:

A   Low Netherlands
B   High Netherlands

How is the boundary between

High and Low Netherlands defined?

A

B

Land > 1 meter above N.A.P.

Forming of the dutch landscape

When you dig in the garden, you'll find shingle, sand and clay.

Almost nowhere do we find solid rock.

Why is that?

Shingle and sand

Solid rock in Limburg

In which part of this catchment
area can we place the Netherlands
nowadays?

Stroomgebied Maas en Rijn    

Cause: the water flows slowly and the materials carried by the water are deposited.

Consequence: thick layers of shingle and sand in the whole of the Netherlands

Source of the shingle and sand

The Netherlands is still declining

Because most of the Netherlands is slowly sinking, the rivers can keep on bringing sediment.

Forming of the dutch landscape

The landscape in High Netherlands was mostly formed during the ice ages between 200,000 and 10,000 years ago.

Where did the ice came from during the second last ice age?

1. The Alps
2. Scandinavia
3. Schotland
4. The Ardennes

https:

Where could you find the ice during the second last ice age?

1. There was no ice in The Netherlands
2. Only in the north of the country
3. The ice reached the middle of the country
4. The whole of the country was covered in ice

Second last ice age

The ice reached the imaginary line

Haarlem-Utrecht-Nijmegen

North of this HUN-line the ice left traces in the landscape:

- pushed moraines
- glacial erratics
- melt-water valleys

During the ice age ice tongues worked like  bulldozers.

At the end of the ice
age, the ice withdrew again.

You can still find the push moraines in the landscape of High Netherlands.
e.g. Veluwe, Utrechtse Heuvelrug

Traces of the ice age

In some parts of the Netherlands you can find rocks, sometimes with a diameter of more than one metre. 

These glacial erratics came along with the ice and were deposited in the Netherlands when the ice melted.

Where can we find glacial erratics?

1. In Limburg
2. In Zuid-Holland
3. In Groningen
4. All over the country

General knowledge:
What were the glacial erratics used for in Drente?
(use the Dutch word)

Human impact

Soil type: sand

Advantage:

- high and so dry

Disadvantage:

- infirtile

The rainwater infiltrates easily and transports nutrients to deeper layers.

Solution infirtile soil

Previous

- manure of the sheep

Nowadays

- fertilizer (industrial)

Previous

High Netherlands: a lot of variation in landuse

Homework

WB page 54: 2,3

WB page 57: 4a,b,c,d

Note: the assignments belong to different sections (2.8 and 2.9)