4.4 A turbulent uprising (part 2) Dictus Edition

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A turbulent uprising

Part 2

At the end of this lesson...

• You can explain why the people of the Netherlands were already unhappy with Philip II before he had even begun.

But first...

An activity!

You're going to see 3 pictures. Explain what is happening in the picture by formulating an English sentence. Use the help words underneath. 

Stake, heretic

William of Orange

Iconoclastic fury, destroy

New subject matter!

Let's talk about the revolt...

See this icon?

Copy the slide!

Philip II succeeds his father

• Charles V has achieved a lot, but has to come to terms with the fact that the Protestant church has gained many followers in his kingdom. 
• He abdicated as an old man and his son Philip II succeeded him in Spain (1556), South America (1556) and the Netherlands (1555), not in the Holy Roman Empire.
• Philip will do things very differently from his father...

Margaret of Parma

Unhappy

Philip II does not recieve a warm welcome:

1. Is extra ruthless towards protestants.
2. The conflicts Philip enters are costly, causing higher taxes.
3. He tries to centralize like his predecessors. Many noblemen are afraid to lose their priviliges. 

Change in the Netherlands

• Philip wanted to leave the Netherlands as quickly as possible and govern his empire centrally from Madrid (Spain). That happened from 1559 onwards.
• He let his half-sister Margaret of Parma govern the Netherlands as viceroy. She followed his orders from Spain...
• ...and the governors had to reluctantly carry out those orders again.

Philip and the Netherlands

• Philip wanted to unite his empire: rules and laws had to be the same everywhere. The old rights of the provinces would no longer apply.
• The administration would not be carried out by the Dutch nobles, but by Spanish officials. The nobles were therefore less powerful.
• Everyone had to be Catholic: heretics (Protestants) had to be severely punished. The Dutch nobles had to ensure this happened.

The tension rises...

• Many Dutch nobles were reluctant to be so tough on protestants, it would only cause uprisings.
• In 1566, 200 Dutch nobles hand over an unusual request: the nobleman's petition (Smeekschrift der Edelen) and in it they request that protestants are treated more benevolently. 
• Margaretha conceded: no more Protestants would be persecuted for a while.

What (do you think) happened after this?

Why were the Dutch provinces unhappy with Philip II?