Grammar recap P4

Grammatica herhaling
Indefinite pronouns
all / some / none / any of them
modals
advise vs advice
1st conditional + unless

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Slide 1: Slide
EngelsMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 2

This lesson contains 35 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

Items in this lesson

Grammatica herhaling
Indefinite pronouns
all / some / none / any of them
modals
advise vs advice
1st conditional + unless

Slide 1 - Slide

Slide 2 - Slide

Indefinite pronouns
3 types of indefinite pronouns:
  1. Refer to people - ....body/...one
  2. refer to objects/things and concepts - ...thing
  3. refer to places - ...where


every / some/ no/ any
                                                                                 

Slide 3 - Slide

every/some/no/any
We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things without saying exactly who or what they are. We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people, and pronouns ending in -thing for things.
SOMEBODY      SOMEONE      SOMETHING
anybody               anyone               anything
nobody              no one                 nothing
everybody         everyone        everything

Slide 4 - Slide

Rules: 1
We use a singular verb after an indefinite pronoun:
Everybody loves Sally.
Everything was ready for the party.

When we refer back to an indefinite pronoun we normally use a plural pronoun:
Everybody enjoyed the concert. They stood up and clapped.
I will tell somebody that dinner is ready. They have been waiting a long time.

Slide 5 - Slide

Rules: 2
We can add -'s to an indefinite pronoun to make a possessive. (bezittelijk)
They were staying in somebody’s house.
Is this anybody’s coat?

We do not use another negative in a clause with nobody, no one or nothing:
Nobody didn't come
Nobody came.
Nothing happened.


Slide 6 - Slide

There is (...) on the phone for you.

A
someone
B
anyone
C
anything
D
somebody

Slide 7 - Quiz

Is there...there?
A
something
B
any
C
anyone
D
some

Slide 8 - Quiz

Slide 9 - Slide

all / some / none / any of them
Rule:
We use the expressions all/ some/ none or any of them to refer back to a group pf things or people and say more about it.

  1. My friends had a great time at my birthday party. None of them wanted to leave!
  2. The caps weren't expensive. I got all of them for $12.

Slide 10 - Slide

all / some / none / any of them
All of them = all the avengers                                      Some of them = some of the avengers





None of them = no avengers, they're DC heroes                      Are any of them Avengers?     

Slide 11 - Slide

Her songs are OK - I quite like ...of them
A
none
B
all
C
any
D
some

Slide 12 - Quiz

There are 32 students in our class. It's amazing that ... of them like music, but ... of them listen to jazz.
A
none, some
B
all, any
C
all, none
D
some, any

Slide 13 - Quiz

No the other kind of models ;)

Slide 14 - Slide

Modals
What are modal verbs?

Modals  are special verbs that behave irregularly in English. They are different from normal verbs like "work, play, visit..." 
They give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it. They have a great variety of communicative functions.


Slide 15 - Slide

Modals
Here are some characteristics of modal verbs:
  • They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"...
  • They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive.)
  • They are used to indicate modality and allow speakers to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, ability

Slide 16 - Slide

Drag the modals into the box
Modal verbs
walk
might
should
like
had better
take
ought to
advise
will
may
have

Slide 17 - Drag question

Which modals are used for giving advice?
A
might, should, ought to
B
had better, may, will
C
should, had better, will
D
should, had better, ought to

Slide 18 - Quiz

had better is used to give stronger advice than should/ought to
A
true
B
false

Slide 19 - Quiz

Drag the modals into the box
Modals for predictions
walk
might
should
like
had better
take
ought to
advise
will
may
have

Slide 20 - Drag question

we use will if something is a possibility and may or might if something is a certainty
A
true
B
false

Slide 21 - Quiz

Slide 22 - Slide

Advice vs Advise

Advice and advise are closely related—they’re used in the same contexts and they’re separated by only one letter. But they’re pronounced differently.

The challenge is really remembering which spelling to use for the noun and which spelling to use for the verb


Slide 23 - Slide

Advice vs Advise
⚡ Quick summary
  • You can remember that advice is a noun spelled with the ending -ice because it also rhymes with ice, which is also a noun
  • You can remember that advise is a verb because it rhymes with advertise, which is also a verb.
How would you advise your client in this situation?
What advice would you give your client in this situation?

Slide 24 - Slide

I ... you to get some professional financial ... before you start a business.
A
advise, advice
B
advice, advice
C
advice, advise
D
advise, advise

Slide 25 - Quiz

My guidance counsellor gave me great ... when I was trying to decide if I should further my education after high school.
A
advise
B
advice

Slide 26 - Quiz

Slide 27 - Slide

1st conditional

It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.





Slide 28 - Slide

1st conditional
The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then will/the future simple in the other clause:
                                             if + present simple, ... will + infinitive (base without to)
If it rains, I won't go to the park.
If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
She'll be late if the train is delayed.
She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
If we see her, we'll tell her.


Slide 29 - Slide

1st conditional
Remember:
  • will can be shortened to 'll in a positive sentence and won't  in a negative one.
  • will is always followed by an infinitive (base verb without to - to walk)
  • will is a modal verb so it doesn't change with the subject (no + s etc.)


Slide 30 - Slide

If he ... (to switch) off the tv completely when he ... (to go) to bed, it ... (will not to use) any electricity
A
to switch, to go, will to use
B
switch, go, won't uses
C
switch, goes, will use
D
switches, goes, won't use

Slide 31 - Quiz

Unless + 1st conditional
Condition clause: if + present simple
Result clause: will/won't + main verb (infinitive / base without to)
  • Unless means only if/if not and can be used in the condition clause instead of if
  • Remember the condition clause is always followed by a comma and then the result clause 
  • BUT the order can be switched.  Result first then condition
  • No comma after the result clause if it comes 1st.
  • Unless is always followed by a positive never by a negative
                                  You won’t lose any weight unless you start eating healthier food
                                  Unless you start eating healthier food you won’t lose any weight
  • And NOT!    Unless you don’t start eating healthier food you won’t lose any weight

Slide 32 - Slide

Slide 33 - Video

Write your own 1st conditional sentence

Slide 34 - Open question

Good luck with your in tw4!

Slide 35 - Slide