Electrolysis

• Science
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Electrolysis

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Shell

How many protons does this atom have?

1. 3
2. 4

How many electrons does this atom have?

1. 2
2. 3

How many neutrons does this atom have?

1. 5
2. 6

Match the charge to the subatomic particle.

Electrons are

Protons are

Neutrons are 

Negative

Neutral

Positive

Atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons.

1. True
2. False

Which of these particles is not an atom?

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

1. Attract
2. Repel

1. Attract
2. Repel

1. Attract
2. Repel

Predict the charge on the other balloon.

1. Positive
2. Negative

Predict the charge on the other balloon.

1. Positive
2. Negative

Cell

Battery

Open switch

Closed switch

Bulb

Fixed resistor

Variable resistor

Fuse

Voltmeter

Ammeter

Give two reasons why the lamp does not light up.

Particles move quickly.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Particles can flow.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Particles only vibrate.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Particles are randomly arranged.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Particles move slowly around each other.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Particles have a fixed shape.

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Gas and Liquid

Explain why gases and liquids can flow, but solids cannot.

	Solid	Liquid	Gas
Arrangement
Closeness
Movement
Can it flow?
Can it be compressed?

Use the answers to fill in the table.

Ordered

Close together

Close together

Random

Random

Fast

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Far apart

Vibrating

Slow

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Shell

Match the charge to the subatomic particle.

Electrons are

Protons are

Neutrons are 

Negative

Neutral

Positive

	Solid	Liquid	Gas
Arrangement
Closeness
Movement
Can it flow?
Can it be compressed?

Use the answers to fill in the table.

Ordered

Close together

Close together

Random

Random

Fast

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Far apart

Vibrating

Slow

What is the charge for an ion of:

Li

1. +1
2. +2
3. -1
4. -2

What is the charge for an ion of:

P

1. +3
2. +2
3. -3
4. -2

What is the charge for an ion of:

Cl

1. +1
2. +2
3. -1
4. -2

What is the charge for an ion of:

Ca

1. +1
2. +2
3. -1
4. -2

What is the charge for an ion of:

O

1. +1
2. +2
3. -1
4. -2

What is the charge for an ion of:

B

1. +3
2. +2
3. -3
4. -2

Label the diagram.

positive electrode

negative electrode

beaker

electrolyte

power supply

Why must the compound be molten or dissolved?

Which electrode will this ion move to?

Li+

1. Positive
2. Negative

Which electrode will this ion move to?

Ca2+

1. Positive
2. Negative

Which electrode will this ion move to?

Cl-

1. Positive
2. Negative

Which electrode will this ion move to?

P3-

1. Positive
2. Negative

How can we work out what substances are being produced here?

NaCl dissolved in water.

Negative electrode

Positive electrode

Where will each ion move?

Negative Electrode:

Only one element will form at the negative electrode.

It will be the least reactive element.

Which element will form?

1. Hydrogen
2. Sodium

Which element will form?

1. Hydrogen
2. Magnesium

Which element will form?

1. Hydrogen
2. Silver

Which element will form?

1. Hydrogen
2. Iron

Which element will form?

1. Hydrogen
2. Copper

Positive Electrode:

Only one element will form at the positive  electrode.

Look at the ion that is not hydroxide (OH-),

Complex ions:

If it is simple, that element will form.

If it is complex, oxygen will form.

Cl-

1. Simple ion
2. Complex ion

Br-

1. Simple ion
2. Complex ion

CO3-

1. Simple ion
2. Complex ion

I-

1. Simple ion
2. Complex ion