9.3.4 The Netherlands during WW2 - TEACH -

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

9. The Time of World Wars

9.3.4. the Netherlands during WW2

people in this lesson

Winkelman

general

Netherlands

Mussert

leader NSB

Netherlands

Seyss-Inquart

Nazi governor of NL

Germany

Wilhelmina

queen

Netherlands

Anne Frank

Jewish girl

Netherlands

the bombing of Rotterdam, May 14th, 1940. When the Germans threatened to bomb other Dutch cities like Amsterdam, The Hague and Utrecht, the Dutch government decided to capitulate (surrender) to avoid further loss of lives and further destruction.

German troops crossing the Berlage Bridge into Amsterdam, May 15th, 1940.

Notice several Dutch bystanders giving the Nazi salute to the German soldiers.

The man in charge of ruling the Netherlands: Seyss Inquart, an Austrian Nazi. Here he inspects the german troops in the Binnenhof in The Hague.

Soon the Dutch people nicknamed Seys Inquart as 6 1/4 (Zes-en-een-kwart)

Anton Mussert, leader of the Dutch Nazi party, the NSB (Nationaal Socialistische Beweging) giving a speech to his followers in the 1930s.

Watch the short video about this place in the next slide.

German propaganda poster used to attract volunteers for working in German factories

Not everybody was eager to work in Germany...

American aircraft carrier during the Battle of Midway

Japanese ZERO attack bomber used to drop torpedoes on US warships

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Razzia on the Waterlooplein, February 1941. 425 Jewish men are arrested by force. This agressive German action leads to the first (and only) open Dutch resistance against the Germans: the February strike

Many people listened secretly to the radio.

On July 28, 1940, queen Wilhelmina opened  the first broadcast of Radio Oranje. The program grew into "De stem van strijdend Nederland".

from London, queen Wilhelmina speaks to the Dutch people  on Radio Oranje

Collaboration

Resistance

V = VICTORY

But for whom?

The British prime minister Winston Churchill often gave the V-sign with his fingers, indicating that Britain and the Allies would be victorious.

When the Dutch people began to use Churchill's  V-sign as a symbol of resistance, the Germans were not amused.

The Germans came up with the plan to use the V-sign as a symbol for German victory.

Many Dutch made jokes about this German idea....

OZO

Oranje Zal Overwinnen

..and what did Beethoven and morse code have to do with all this? 

Next slide ..._

Eindhoven, Sept 18, 1944. Allied tanks drive along Stratum's Eind

The dancing crowd at the Markt in Eindhoven, during the liberation party on 18 September 1944

click here for more pictures of the liberation of Eindhoven. Maybe you see your own street.

click here

Eindhovens Dagblad article

During the hunger winter many people, including children, tried to scrape something they could eat from waste bins

Write down one question about something in this lesson that you still don't fully understand.

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