2.1 World empires around the Mediterranean Sea

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• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

2.1 World empires around the Mediterranean Sea 

Planning

- What you will learn

- explanation 

Last lesson to work on your PO!

In this paragraph, you will learn

- how two powerful world empires in the Mediterranean area came to be on opposite sides.

- How the two empires dealt with religions

- how trade declined

- what types of slavery there were

Name the world empires of today

Two world empires

• Spanish empire
• Ottoman empire

 This week: The worldly power
Next week:

Holy battle 

Struggle for control of trade in the Mediterranean Sea

Spaniards

• Charles V inherited Spain, The Netherlands, Germany, Austria, and other countries in Central Europe.
• Charles V conquered large parts of Central and South America.
• After Charles died, Philip II received Spain and the Netherlands. Charles' brother Ferdinand received Austria/Germany

Filips II (son)

emperor Ferdinand (brother)

Ottomans

• Osman, founder of the Ottoman Empire.
• Conquests in the Balkans and Anatolia.
• End of the Byzantine Empire (fall of Constantinople).
• The Ottoman leader was both the political leader of the empire and the spiritual leader of Islam.
• Symbol: Crescent moon

World empires in battle

• The Ottomans fought against the Spanish/Austrian Habsburgs for power in Europe.
• Struggle in Hungary.
• Ottomans at the gates of Vienna (stopped).
• The Ottomans conquered the Middle East and North Africa.
• In the Mediterranean Sea, both empires were roughly equally strong

Struggle between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs for Szigetvár, Hungary, 1566

Get to work!

Get started on your project. The deadline is Friday at 11:59 PM.

Finished?

With workbook: do the test yourself for the paragraphs.

Without workbook: make a summary.

Test 1.2, 1.3, and 3.5 on .

 Battle of Lepanto

The Spanish and the Ottomans fought at Lepanto (near Greece).

The Spanish won.

The Ottomans did not advance further west in the Mediterranean region

Holy battle

The struggle between the Ottomans and the Spanish was seen by both as a holy war

Spanish

Reconquista: the reconquest of Spain and Portugal from the Moors.

Only Catholicism was allowed. Jews and Muslims were persecuted.

Ottomans

They were tolerant towards Jews and Christians.

Jews and Christians had to pay higher taxes.

They had to accept that Islam was above them (obey).

Decline in trade

• Rise of The Ottomans

Venice and Genoa were active in trade on the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia

Reasons for the decline of trade

• The Ottomans conquer Constantinople.
• The Ottomans conquer the Italian trading posts in the eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
  
  

Consequences: Italians have to pay more for goods.

Additionally, pirates make the Mediterranean Sea unsafe

In this paragraph, you will learn

- how two powerful world empires in the Mediterranean area came to be on opposite sides.

- How the two empires dealt with religions

- how trade declined

- what types of slavery there were

Wat kan je nu doen?

Get started on your project. The deadline is Friday at 11:59 PM.

Finished?

With workbook: do the test yourself for the paragraphs.

Without workbook: make a summary.

Test 1.2, 1.3, and 3.5 on .