1.3 Start of the Dutch Revolt

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The start of the Dutch Revolt

paragraph 1.3

Today

• Recap
• Explanation 1.3
• Check 

Can you give two reasons why the Dutch people were angry at Philip II?

Describe what happened during the Iconoclastic Fury

Learning goals 

At the end of this lesson you can:

• You can explain why William of Orange and the Sea beggars were important for the start of the Dutch revolt. 
• You can explain how the people of The Netherlands rebelled against the Spanish. 
• You can explain how the Netherlands split into the Nothern and Southern Netherlands 

The start of the revolt

• After the Iconoclastic Fury, Philip II sent the Duke of Alva to the Republic. 

• His objective was to punish Protestants, especially the ones who had taken part in the Iconoclastic Fury.

• Bloedraad (Council of Blood).

The start of the revolt

• The Spanish soldiers robbed and plundered
  Dutch cities. 
• Consequence: the Dutch started to revolt (1568), led
   by William of Orange.

             → the revolters were called Sea Beggars
             (watergeuzen)

The start of the revolt

Cities outside Holland and Zeeland joined. 

Civil war 

Protestants vs Catholics 

The start of the Revolt

• The Dutch had one advantage: they did not use mercenaries 
• Also, the Dutch knew the area they fought on way better. They attacked by small, strategic attacks, such as drowing a city and Spanish soldiers.
• At first the Dutch were unsuccesful, however that changed in 1572.

Union of Utrecht

In 1579, the provinces that were against Philip
decided to form an alliance: the Union
of Utrecht.

They had a common army and decided
that Philip would no longer be their king. 

Consequences Union of Utrecht

• 1584: William of Orange was declared outlawed
• 1585: The fall of Antwerp: the most important city of the Low Countries was conquered by the Spanish Army.
• 1588: The Netherlands now existed of the Northern (protestant) Netherlands and the Southern (catholic) Netherlands. 

Why was 1572 a significant year?

1. Because the Spanish sacked Antwerp
2. Because it was the first victory for the Dutch
3. Because it was four years after the start of the Revolt
4. Because mr. Zwiggelaar said so

Who led the Dutch armies against the Spanish?

1. The Duke of Alva
2. Philip II
3. Charles V
4. William of Orange

What part of the Netherlands made up the Union of Utrecht?

1. The northern part
2. The southern part

And in what year?

1. In 1579
2. In 1581
3. In 1584

Who was assassinated in 1584?

1. Philip II
2. William of Orange
3. Charles V
4. Martin Luther