Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

The Time of Citizens and Steam Engines

The Industrial Revolution

Succescriteria

You can explain:

•  What changed in the lives of people in the 19th century
•  how  and why production increased
•  what changed in the industry from 1870 onwards
• what changed in society

cause

effect

Were the statements below causes

 or effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Factories were built to house the big, new machines.

Entrepreneurs were willing to invest in new inventions.

Homeworkers could now work much faster than before.

The first machines led to unemployment of homeworkers.

growth of cities

population growth

The industrial revolution was boosted by the introduction of a new energy source, namely:

1. water power
2. steam power
3. sun power
4. wind power

Which statement is correct?

1. The Netherlands was one of the first countries to industrialise.
2. Industrialisation led to a growth in the agricultural work sector.
3. Industrialisation led to urbanisation.
4. In the industrial cities, the wages were high.

England

around 1700

• Powerful country with a huge empire that stretched all over the world.
• The population of England was growing, so more clothing was needed.
• Much clothing was made from cotton, which was picked by slaves on plantations, and wool.

Het Britse Rijk omstreeks 1700

In England...

• rich families own the farmland

In England

rich families own the farmland

farmers pay rents to rich families

In Engeland...

rich families own the farmland

 farmers pay rent to rich families

rich families invest in new inventions 

In England...

rich families own the farmland

 farmers pay rent to rich families

rich families invest in new inventions 

Expanding the scale

In England...

rich families own the farmland

 farmers pay rent to rich families

rich families invest in new inventions 

Expanding the scale

Effect

agricultural yields go up

There will be no more food shortages

There will be huge population growth

Steam engine

around 1764 

The Englishman James Watt made a number of important changes to Newcomen's steam engine that made it easier to use and operate.

from small-scale manual production in the home industry ...

... to large-scale machine production in factories

Discuss in pairs:

- What is depicted in the picture?

- What does this have to do with the industrial revolution?

Changes in industry:

-> use of petrolium and steel

-> new industies like chemical industry, food industry (Zaandam!!), special laboratories for inventions (light bulb)

Industrial revolution:

economical changes

Industrial revolution: social changes

Start of an industrial society:

- urbanisation (more people lived in cities than in the country)

- growth of population

Upper and lower class (instead of estates!):

- Employer->rich due to industrial capitalism

- Employees ->workers with low wages