Lesson 4

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Important!

You only have to do assignments 1,2 and 3. assignment 4 can be skipped. 

Make sure you change this in your workpath.

Also: add 2.3 to the workpath of this week (copy of 2.2 and 2.3 is in Teams).

Last week

2. You show how Napoleon reversed the consequences of the French Revolution.

3. You show how a certain population group was disadvantaged.

Citizens and steam engines

Catholics, Protestants, Socialists, Feminists

After the French revolution

After the French Revolution, the ideals of the Enlightenment had spread across Europe. Liberty, equality and fraternity.

Also in the Netherlands.

The Netherlands were a kingdom (and a democracy, although only rich men were allowed to vote)

Groups

Catholics

Protestants

Liberals (freedom)

Socialists (workers)

Catholics+Protestants= Confessionalism

We go back to the period around 1900 in NL

Confessionalism

Governing from faith

Many religious people did not like the ideas of the liberals and socialists. These were the denominationalists. They believed that you should run the country from faith (confession).

Education

The confessionalists f Catholics and Protestants. They were happy with the freedom of education and were therefore able to establish their own independant schools.

School funding battle

But independant schools  didn't get government funding. The denominations spent years trying to get this done. By 1917, the school battle was finally over.

First political party

To achieve more, Protestant leader Abraham Kuyper founded the first political party of the Netherlands (ARP) in 1879

Pillarization

Abraham Kuyper laid the foundation for pillarization. 

Everything separated by religious or political beliefs.

Protestant column, Catholic column, liberal column and socialist column.

Workers

Chamber members (from the elite) often did not pay attention to workers' needs.

From 1870: associations active to improve working conditions.

Main spokesman: Domela Nieuwenhuis

Party

1882: Social Democratic Union founded.

Domela Nieuwenhuis entered the House of Representatives, but was not taken seriously. 

He became an Anarchist and wanted a revolution.

Socialists (workers)

1894: Social Democratic Workers Party (SDAP) founded.

Led by Pieter Jelles Troelstra, it campaigned for the introduction of universal suffrage. 

Pacification 1917

In 1917 there was a new Constitution. This ended the school battle once and for all. The government also paid for Catholic and Protestant schools.

Pacification 1917

 In 1917: universal male suffrage (a wish of socialists).

Feminism

De feministen

Emancipation

Women in the 19th century actually still had nothing to say and thus fewer rights than men. Beginning in 1870, women began to resist. They demanded equal rights (emancipation).

                       

Women suffrage (kiesrecht)

Feminists of the First Feminist Wave are especially committed to women's suffrage, so that women can enter politics and from there try to improve the position

Feminism

People who stand up for equal rights between men/women are feminists. The most famous feminist was Aletta Jacobs. She was the first woman at a university and later a general practitioner.

                                                                     

Assignment 3

Summary:

A number of groups felt disadvantaged (for different reasons):

-Socialists (workers): suffrage men

-Catholics (own schools paid for by the government)

-Protestants (own schools paid for by the government)

-Women: suffrage and equal rights

Assignment 3

Choose one of these groups for assignment 3.

Use Lessonup and the workpath for information. Important: 2.2 and 2.3 (copy in Teams)

3.You will show how a particular

 population group was disadvantaged.