Grammar Year 3 Period 2 (Past Simple, Passive, Linking words, Who/Which/That/When)

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• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome to English

AGENDA 

Today: Revision

Tomorrow: Fake news writing assignment/WIRED

Monday: Reading, listening, studying

Wednesday: PW

Year 3, Period 2 Grammar

- Passive (+Past Simple)

- Linking words

- That/Which/When/Who

What is passive voice?

1. Check your notes.

2. What is passive voice? How is it different than active voice? When do we use it?

3. Give an example of an active and passive voice

Passive voice revision:

1. People speak Portuguese in Brazil.

2. The Government is planning a new road near my house.

3. My grandfather built this house in 1943.

4. Picasso was painting Guernica at that time.

5. The cleaner has cleaned the office.

6. He had written three books before 1867.

7. John will tell you later.

_____________________________________________________________________

Passive voice KEY

1. People speak Portuguese in Brazil. -> Portguese is spoken in Brazil.

2. The Government is planning a new road near my house. -> A new road near my house is being planned.

3. My grandfather built this house in 1943. -> This house was built in 1943.

4. Picasso was painting Guernica at that time. -> Guernica was being painted.

5. The cleaner has cleaned the office. -> The office has been cleaned.

6. He had written three books before 1867. -> Three books had been written.

7. John will tell you later. -> You will be told later.

_____________________________________________________________________

That, Who, Which, Where, (whose)

1. What is the difference between who and which and where?

2. What is the difference between who&which and that?

3.  What is the difference between who and whose?

Example: _____ is the man ______ dog is barking so loud??

Referring to people and things: 

who, which, that, where

• WHO = terugverwijst naar mensen
  Willy Rodriguez is a janitor who has worked at the World Trade Center for 20 years
• WHICH = terugverwijst naar dingen of dieren
  The dogs, which were roaming the streets, were taken to an animal shelter.
• THAT = terugverwijst naar mensen, dieren of dingen.
  Vóór that kan géén komma staan
  Who are the people that helped us?
  The two planes that hit the Twin Towers caused much damage
• WHERE = terugverwijzen naar een plaats
  We live in a world where people have easy access to semi-automatic weapons.

that vs which

• I have two dogs. One is a labrador and one is a husky.

• My dog that is a husky is very energetic today.
  -> You know that I have more than 1 dogs so I have to give you extra info (that its breed is a husky)
• My dog, which is a labrador, is very tired today.
   -> don't know how many dogs I have but one of them is a labrador

A HINT: focus on the commas! Which = COMMA, that = no comma

Linking words

- Check your notes (and your workbook)

- When do we use words like:

moreover?

however?

although?

even though?

therefore?

Independent revision

1. Linking words: https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/connectives/con004-linking-words.htm

2. That, which, who, where

https://agendaweb.org/exercises/grammar/relative-clauses/test-2

Now: study the words

Independent revision

1. Linking words: https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/connectives/con004-linking-words.htm

2. That, which, who, where

https://agendaweb.org/exercises/grammar/relative-clauses/test-2

Now: study the words

Independent revision

1. Past Simple exercise

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/irregular-verbs-exercise-2.html

2. Passive voice: https://www.english-4u.de/en/grammar-exercises/passive2.htm

3. Passive: https://www.english-grammar.at//online_exercises/passive-voice/pa017-present-past-simple.htm

Activities 7-12-2021

1. Passive: https://www.english-grammar.at//online_exercises/passive-voice/pa017-present-past-simple.htm

2. From active to passive

3. Revision - Pronouns and linking words

4. Leerblad afmaken!

5. HW: Learn the words

Active -> Passive

Thousands of tourists visit the Grand Canyon every year.

• The Grand Canyon is visited every year (by thousands of tourists).

The homeowners remodeled the house to help it sell.

• The house was remodeled to help it sell (by the homeowners).

The kangaroo carried her baby in her pouch.

• Her baby was carried in her pouch (by the kangaroo).

The cleaning crew vacuums and dusts the office every night.

• The office is vacuumed and dusted every night (by the cleaning crew).

a) AS A RESULT

b) AND

c) BECAUSE

d) HOWEVER

e) BUT

f) MOREOVER

g) SO

h) FIRST

f) THEREFORE

g) NEXT

1) Sequence (Volgorde aangeven)

2) Adding info (extra informatie geven)

3) Contrast (tegenstelling aangeven)

4) Reason and result (oorzak en gevolg weergeven)

Connect the linking words to their function in a sentence

Referring to people and things: 

who, which, that, where

• WHO = terugverwijst naar mensen
  Willy Rodriguez is a janitor who has worked at the World Trade Center for 20 years
• WHICH = terugverwijst naar dingen of dieren
  The dogs, which were roaming the streets, were taken to an animal shelter.
• THAT = terugverwijst naar mensen, dieren of dingen.
  Vóór that kan géén komma staan
  Who are the people that helped us?
  The two planes that hit the Twin Towers caused much damage
• WHERE = terugverwijzen naar een plaats
  We live in a world where people have easy access to semi-automatic weapons.

that vs which/who

• I have two dogs. One is a labrador and one is a husky.

• My dog that is a husky is very energetic today.
  -> You know that I have more than 1 dogs so I have to give you extra info on which one I mean (that its breed is a husky)
• My dog, which is a labrador, is very tired today.
   -> don't know how many dogs I have but one of them is a labrador

A HINT: focus on the commas! Which = COMMA, that = no comma

THAT vs WHICH/WHO

My bike that has a broken seat is in the garage.

- you own more than 1 bike but one of them has a broken seat

My bike, which has a broken seat, is in the garage.

- we don't know how many bikes you own but one of them has a broken seat (could be only 1 bike or many more bikes)

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/cgi2/myexam/voir2r.php?id=26547

PAST SIMPLE 

Talking about the past...

If you want to say something that happened

5 minutes ago, yesterday, 5 years ago, in 1994, a Century ago...

you use PAST SIMPLE tense

Example:

- The lesson started 5 minutes ago.

- The students went home early yesterday.

Miss Salehar moved to the Netherlands 5 years ago. 

LIST on pg. 27

Text

pg. 41

Negative - Ontkennende zinnen (-)

PAST SIMPLE (Verleden tijd) - REGELMATIGE WW:

Bevestigende zin: I walked the stairs.

Ontkennende zin: I didn't walk the stairs.

ONREGELMATIGE WW:

Bevestigende zin: My mom woke up at 7 a.m.

Ontkennende zin: My mom didn't wake up at 7 a.m. 

What is the rule? Wat is de regel?

Questions - Vragende zinnen (?)

PAST SIMPLE (Verleden tijd): regelmatige ww

Bevestigende zin: I walked the stairs.

Vragende zin: Did I walk the stairs?

onregelmatige ww:

Bevestigende zin: My mom woke up at 7 a.m.

Vragende zin: Did my mom wake up at 7 a.m. 

What is the rule? Wat is de regel?

Vragende en ontkennende zinnen met WAS en WERE

PASSIVE VOICE

Write down the title

Active and Passive voice

What is it?

Active: We say WHO did it

The teacher graded the tests.

The result: Now the students know their grades.

Passive: When we do not say who did it

The tests were graded.

The result: Now the students know their grades.

Active: We say WHO did it

Passive: We do not say WHO did it

The result in both sentences is the same!

WHY passive voice?

1. When we do not know WHO did it

My car was stolen yesterday.

2. When it does not matter WHO did it (the activity is more important than the person who did it)

The president was sworn in on a cold January morning.

3. Scientific texts
The rat was placed into a maze.

Exercise: 

Do exercise 1: https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/passive-voice/active-passive-2

HOW do we make passive voice?

John kissed Jane. 

- 1. See who did it (person) -> John

- 2. What did they do (verb) and in what TENSE -> kissed (past simple)

- 3. What is the object they did it to (a thing, another person…) -> Jane

HOW FORM THE PASSIVE VOICE:

- 1. Put the object in the beginning and forget about the person -> Jane

- 2. Add the verb ‘BE’ in the same tense! -> was (past simple)

- 3.  Put the verb in question to 3de rijtje (pg. 90!) -> kissed

EXAMPLE SENTENCE

Active: John collects money.

1. See WHO did it: - JOHN

2. WHAT did he DO (verb) & tense – COLLECTS (present simple!)

3. What is the OBJECT? – MONEY

4. Object in the beginning: Money

5. VERB be in present simple: is

6. Verb 3de rijtje: collected

Passive: Money is collected (by John). 

Fill in: 

Active: Matt and Jesse drove a car. 

1. See WHO did it: __________

2. WHAT did they DO (verb) & tense: __________

3. What is the OBJECT: ____________

4. Put the object in the beginning: __________

5. VERB be in past simple: __________

6. Verb 3de rijtje: ____________

Passive: _________________________

Make the sentence PASSIVE
(Present Simple!)
You write a letter.

Make the sentence PASSIVE
(Past Simple!)
You wrote a letter.

Make the sentence PASSIVE
(Present Simple!)
They see you.

Make the sentence PASSIVE
(Past Simple!)
They saw you.

Examples:

The teacher reads 1 book per week.

We do not clean our rooms. 

Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.

Sue changed the flat tire.

I draw a picture. 

I ran the obstacle course in record time.

Examples:

The teacher reads 1 book per week. -> 1 book per week is read (by the teacher)

We do not clean our rooms.  -> Our rooms were not cleaned (by us).

Harry ate six shrimp at dinner. -> At dinner six shrimp were eaten (by Harry).

Sue changed the flat tire. -> The flat tire was changed (by Sue).

I draw a picture.  -> A picture was drawn (by me)

I ran the obstacle course in record time. ->The obstacle course was run in record time (by me).

EXIT TICKET
What did you learn today?

Linking words

Words that connect 2 sentences

I completed the assignment and did my homework.

I wanted a good grade but I didn't have time to study because I had my football practice.

a) AS A RESULT

b) AND

c) BECAUSE

d) HOWEVER

e) BUT

f) MOREOVER

g) SO

h) FIRST

f) THEREFORE

g) NEXT

1) Sequence (Volgorde aangeven)

2) Adding info (extra informatie geven)

3) Contrast (tegenstelling aangeven)

4) Reason and result (oorzak en gevolg weergeven)

Connect the linking words to their function in a sentence

a) AS A RESULT

b) AND

c) BECAUSE

d) HOWEVER

e) BUT

f) MOREOVER

g) SO

h) FIRST

f) THEREFORE

g) NEXT

1) Sequence (Volgorde aangeven)

2) Adding info (extra informatie geven)

3) Contrast (tegenstelling aangeven)

4) Reason and result (oorzak en gevolg weergeven)

Connect the linking words to their function in a sentence

OPEN books to pg. 88

Choose one word from each of the 4 tables and create new sentences with it!

- In your notebooks - each student has to have 4 new sentences

WATCH OUT -> (you can't use: AND, BUT, SO!!)

a) A

b) AND

c) BECAUSE

d) BEFORE

e) BUT

f) IF

g) SO

h) WHEN

1) Time - after, before, when

2) Adding info - and

3) Contrast - but

4) Reason - because

5) Result - so

6) Condition - if 

Connect the linking words to their function in a sentence

2V:

Go online and find some other linking words 

that would give the following functions:

- reason, contrast, adding information, result

- Use them in a sentence (write 4 sentences!)

Write down a sentence in which you used the new linking word

AGENDA 29-11

1. Irregular verbs

2. Passive voice exercise

3. WIRED exercises af (listening, reading)

4. Done? Learn the words (if time- Blooket)

WED: SO + Begin with the task

MON: TASK

TUE: Herhalen

WED: toets

1. PAST SIMPLE 

Talking about the past...

If you want to say something that happened

5 minutes ago, yesterday, 5 years ago, in 1994, a Century ago...

you use PAST SIMPLE tense

Example:

- The lesson started 5 minutes ago.

- The students went home early yesterday.

Miss Salehar moved to the Netherlands 5 years ago. 

LIST on pg. 27

Text

pg. 41

VRAGENDE en ONTKENNEDE ZINNEN

Bevestigende:  I bought this shirt on sales yesterday. 

(?) Did I buy this shirt on sales yesterday?

(-) I didn't buy this shirt on sales yesterday.

(?) = Did + persoon + ww (terug naar tegenwoordige tijd) +?

(-) = didn't + ww (terug naar tegenwoordige tijd)

Passive voice

a) Farmers grow soy in Argentina.

b) People export Spanish tortilla to the US.

c) El Greco painted The Burial of the Count of Orgaz.

d) You don’t find penguins at the North Pole.

e) Columbus didn’t discover America in 1491.

f) Did my uncle sell the bicycle?

g) The child broke all the plates in the cupboard.

h) Did she find the book?

Passive voice

Exercise:

https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/preint/grammar/grammar_10_012e?cc=nl&selLanguage=en

a) AS A RESULT

b) AND

c) BECAUSE

d) HOWEVER

e) BUT

f) MOREOVER

g) SO

h) FIRST

f) THEREFORE

g) NEXT

1) Sequence (Volgorde aangeven)

2) Adding info (extra informatie geven)

3) Contrast (tegenstelling aangeven)

4) Reason and result (oorzak en gevolg weergeven)

Connect the linking words to their function in a sentence

Referring to people and things: 

who, which, that, where

• WHO = terugverwijst naar mensen
  Willy Rodriguez is a janitor who has worked at the World Trade Center for 20 years
• WHICH = terugverwijst naar dingen of dieren
  The dogs, which were roaming the streets, were taken to an animal shelter.
• THAT = terugverwijst naar mensen, dieren of dingen.
  Vóór that kan géén komma staan
  Who are the people that helped us?
  The two planes that hit the Twin Towers caused much damage
• WHERE = terugverwijzen naar een plaats
  We live in a world where people have easy access to semi-automatic weapons.

THAT vs WHICH/WHO

My bike that has a broken seat is in the garage.

- you own more than 1 bike but one of them has a broken seat

My bike, which has a broken seat, is in the garage.

- we don't know how many bikes you own but one of them has a broken seat (could be only 1 bike or many more bikes)

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/cgi2/myexam/voir2r.php?id=26547

that vs which

• I have two dogs. One is a labrador and one is a husky.

• My dog that is a husky is very energetic today.
  -> You know that I have more than 1 dogs so I have to give you extra info (that its breed is a husky)
• My dog, which is a labrador, is very tired today.
   -> don't know how many dogs I have but one of them is a labrador

A HINT: focus on the commas! Which = COMMA, that = no comma

WIRED exercises

- go to WIRED

- do Exercises 1, 2, 3, 4

- Do listening, reading exercises

- DONE? Learn the words