Fertilisation and pregnancy

Reproduction
Fertilisation & pregnancy
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Slide 1: Slide
BiologieMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 4

This lesson contains 19 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.

time-iconLesson duration is: 30 min

Items in this lesson

Reproduction
Fertilisation & pregnancy

Slide 1 - Slide

Learning objectives
  • Describe the hormonal changes that occur after fertilisation happens
  • Describe the hormones involved in pregnancy
  • Describe the important stages during pregnancy 

Slide 2 - Slide

During which days of a typical 28 day menstrual cycle does the follicular phase occur?
A
0-5
B
1-13
C
14-17
D
14-28

Slide 3 - Quiz

If the ovum is to be fertilised, where is the most common site of fertilisation?
A
Fallopian tube
B
Uterus
C
Vagina
D
Ovary

Slide 4 - Quiz

___________ is released from the pituitary gland and stimulates the follicles in the ovary to mature.
A
LH
B
FSH
C
Oestrogen
D
Progesterone

Slide 5 - Quiz

If the ovum is not fertilised, what causes the cycle to end and menstruation to start?
A
Peak in progesterone
B
Peak in oestrogen
C
Lack of oestrogen
D
Lack of progesterone

Slide 6 - Quiz

Fertilisation
  • Sperm cells carry enzymes

  • Egg cell puts up permanent block

  • Egg cell completes meiosis 2

Slide 7 - Slide

Slide 8 - Slide

Slide 9 - Slide

First period of pregnancy
  • Completion meiosis
  • Cleavage divisions
    - No growth
  • Blastocyst
    - First structures
  • Implantation

Slide 10 - Slide

Placenta development
  • Formed by embryo and mother together
  • Exchange of nutrients and waste
  • No direct blood contact!

Slide 11 - Slide

Slide 12 - Slide

Birth
  • First stage
    - Cervix expands
    - Amniotic fluid released
  • Second stage: delivery
    - Actual birth
  • Third stage
    - Expulsion of the placenta

Slide 13 - Slide

Lactation
  • Nourishment after birth
  • Hormones
    - Prolactin: promotes milk production
    - Oxytocin: stimulates release milk
  • Drinking baby promotes release of prolactin and oxytocin, but inhibits release LH and FSH
    - Lactational anovulation
  • Colostrum: first milk contains many antibodies

Slide 14 - Slide

Which of these hormones does not increase during pregnancy?
A
Progesterone
B
Oestrogen
C
HCG
D
FSH

Slide 15 - Quiz

Which of these hormones stimulates lactation?
A
Oxytocin
B
FSH
C
HCG
D
Testosterone

Slide 16 - Quiz

Which of the following statements best describes the placenta?
A
it is a structure that remains in the ovary after the egg has been discharged, it produces human chorionic gonadotropin
B
it is an organ formed in the uterus during pregnancy, it produces hormones that help a pregnancy go smoothly and connects the mother and fetus
C
it is the organ that holds eggs waiting to be fertilised, in the later stages of pregnancy it becomes inactive
D
as the placenta is being formed, it produces the first detectable hormone of a pregnancy; this hormone is detected by blood or urine pregnancy tests

Slide 17 - Quiz

Mary thinks she might be pregnant and purchases a pregnancy test. The pregnancy test shows a positive result. Why did the test come back positive?
A
The test detected higher than normal levels of progesterone
B
The test detected lower than normal levels of oestrogen
C
The test detected the presence of HCG, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
D
The test detected the presence of HPL, Human Placental Lactogen

Slide 18 - Quiz

Homework
  • Complete and hand in the worksheet fertilisation&pregnancy on the Classroom 

Slide 19 - Slide