Introduction to Biological Bases of Behaviour
Introduction to Biological Bases of Behaviour
Items in this lesson
Introduction to Biological Bases of Behaviour
What do you already know about how the brain and body interact to influence behaviour?
Learning Objective
At the end of the lesson you will be able to describe basic neuro-psychological processes, including the functional organisation of the nervous system, neural transmission, and the role of the endocrine system.
Course Overview
This course explores how our nervous and endocrine systems influence sensation, consciousness, motivation, and learning. We will also discuss key neuro-psychological processes underpinning human behaviour.
Functional Organisation of the Nervous System
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS with the rest of the body.
Neural Transmission
Neurons transmit signals via electrical impulses and chemical neurotransmitters. Synapses allow communication between neurons, enabling thoughts, movements, and sensations.
The Endocrine System
The endocrine system regulates hormones, influencing mood, growth, metabolism, and behaviour. Key glands include the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.
Linking Mind and Body
Endocrine System
Nervous System
Slower, hormonal communication. Maintains balance and long-term processes.
Fast, precise electrical signalling. Controls quick responses and voluntary actions.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the nervous and endocrine systems is essential for appreciating how biological processes shape thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. This foundation supports further study of sensation, learning, motivation, and cognition.
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