1.3+1.4 Types of mixtures, evaporation and distillation

• Scheikunde
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Types of mixtures and evaporation and distillation

Paragraph 1.3+1.4

Pure substance                      Mixture

Type of mixtures

- Solution

- Suspension

- Emulsion

Solution = clear

Suspension = cloudy

Emulsion =

cloudy mixture of liquids

blue = solution

red = emulsion

white = suspension

Solution:        clear liquid, solid or liquid in solvent

        

Suspension: cloudy mixture of solid in liquid

                   

Emulsion:      cloudy mixture of two liquids

                   

Emulsifier (prevents unmixing)

                                                                                    egg yolk (in mayonaise)

Homogeneous or heterogeneous

Evaporation (difference in boiling point)

Residue

Destillation

Difference in boiling point
Substance with lowest boiling point collected

Used when boiling points are close together

Demo - distillation

Distillation of wine

Liquor obtained with higher alcohol%

(whiskey, gin, cognac)

What type of mixture is this?

1. Emulsion
2. Solution
3. Emulsifier
4. Suspension

What type of mixture is this?

1. solution
2. suspension
3. emulsion

How do you call a mixture of two liquids mixed by an emulsifier?

1. solution
2. suspension
3. emulsion

What substance is an emulsifier?

1. Water
2. Cream
3. Soap
4. Oil

A permanent emulsion is a
mixture of ...

1. Water and salt
2. water, oil and emulsifier
3. Oil and gasoline
4. water and oil

a suspension is a ... mixture

1. heterogeneous
2. homogeneous

How do you obtain salt from sea water?

1. Evaporation
2. Dry cooking
3. Filtration
4. Centrifugation

You can separate a solution by evaporation. What is the residue?

1. Solvent
2. Dissolved substance

How can a solution be seperated?

1. Distillation
2. Filtration
3. Evaporation
4. Evaporation and distillation

Distillation has many similarities with evaporation, but there is an important difference. What is that difference?

1. WIth evaporation the boiling point is lower.
2. With evaporation you collect the evaporated substance.
3. Distillation uses a higher temparature.
4. With distillation you collect the evaporated substance.

What separation method can be used to obtaint drinking water from sea water?

1. Filtration
2. Distillation
3. Evaporation
4. Sedimentation