Logical Fallacies

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Read the text on Cows

Incorrect Logic Chart on the board

                            WE ACT      WE DO NOT ACT

IT IS TRUE

IT IS NOT TRUE

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that occurs when invalid arguments or irrelevant points are introduced without any evidence to support them. People often resort to logical fallacies when their goal is to persuade others.

Why care about logical fallacies

- exploration of bias in the media

“Bias is an inclination of temperament or outlook to present or hold a partial perspective, often accompanied by a refusal to consider the possible merits of alternative point of view.”

- Bias is a flaw in human thinking

Logical fallacies can often be used to mislead people – to trick them into believing something they otherwise wouldn't. The ability to discern a valid argument from a false one is an important skill. It's a key aspect of critical thinking , and it can help you to avoid falling prey to fake news .

Why care about logical fallcies

- exploration of bias in the media

“Bias is an inclination of temperament or outlook to present or hold a partial perspective, often accompanied by a refusal to consider the possible merits of alternative point of view.”

- Bias is a flaw in human reasoning

Thinking about logical facililicies is important so you can avoid them in the arguments you make. Studying fallacies also provides you with a foundation for evaluating and critiquing other arguments as well.  

A logical fallacy is a statement that seems to be true until you apply the rules of logic. Then, you realize that it's not. Logical fallacies can often be used to mislead people – to trick them into believing something they otherwise wouldn't.

The ability to discern a valid argument from a false one is an important skill. It's a key aspect of critical thinking , and it can help you to avoid falling prey to fake news .

If you're taken in by a logical fallacy, false conclusions might cause you to make decisions that you later regret. And using a logical fallacy in your own arguments can make you look gullible or uninformed. Worse still, it can make you seem dishonest.Logical fallacies are errors in reasoning that are based on poor or faulty logic. When presented in a formal argument, they can cause you to lose your credibility as a writer, so you have to be careful of them. Logical fallacies can often be used to mislead people – to trick them into believing something they otherwise wouldn't. The ability to discern a valid argument from a false one is an important skill. It's a key aspect of critical thinking , and it can help you to avoid falling prey to fake news .

Log Fal are often used in political campaigns. How are these arguments misleading.? 

Only aired once. Democratic National Committee was putting on television “panic-inspired falsehoods” and that President Johnson must take responsibility for them, adding that the ad was aimed at "scaring the wits out of children in order to pressure their parents".[12] The ad was immediately pulled, but the point was made, appearing on the nightly news and on conversation programs in its entirety. Jack Valenti, who served as a special assistant to Johnson, later suggested that pulling the ad was a calculated move, arguing that "it showed a certain gallantry on the part of the Johnson campaign to withdraw the ad."[13] Johnson's line "We must either love each other, or we must die" echoes W. H. Auden's poem "September 1, 1939" in which line 88 reads, "We must love one another or die."

A juxtaposition of views(correct or incorrect?)

Show both videos on cellphones and social media. Divide class into two. Each group thinks of 4 different arguments why their view i correct. Use cheat sheet to assist. 

Eventually use LF in IO for extra . And the word juxtaposition.