Lodewijk XIV, Absolutism, Ancien Regime, Socitety of Estates.

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Goals

You can explain: Lodewijk XIV, Absolutism, Society of Estates. 

You have created a Word file as preparation for the mission.

To do (this week)

Create a file in Word: Mission era 7 and 8. Here you put all your information / summaries.

Louis 14th

1643-1715

Louis 15th

1715-1774

Louis 16th

1774-1793

Louis XIV= Louis 14th (1645-1715)

Louis XV= Louis 15th (1715-1774)

Louis XVI=Louis 16th (1774-1793)

L'État, c'est Moi

• The king's will is law. This is called absolutism: The king is accountable only to god and to no one else.... 
• Louis XIV was a French king with asolute power. 
• This power was given by god: droit divin (divine law)

Thus, no one need doubt the king either

De Zonnekoning

• Louis did not trust the nobility, he had a huge palace built at Versailles where he gathered the nobility around him to keep an eye on them.

Louis waged many money-consuming wars and surrounded himself with luxury -> third class had to pay for everything (taxes). 

https://youtu.be/X235vpOToVU

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Society of Estates

Since the Middle Ages, French society had been divided into 3 classes: ‘prayers, fighters and workers’

This division could not be doubted: God had so decreed.

First Estate

Clergy: the people of the church.

Exempt from taxation

Owned a large amount of land

Second Estate

The nobles: the people of nobility. 
Task: Administration + Protection (army) 

• Didn't have to pay taxes

The king did not trust them.

Third Estate

• The farmers and the citizens/the rest.
•  In the 3rd estate:  great differences. 

rich people, the bourgeoisie. These were people with their own business or a degree.

The 3rd class had all the duties: for example, they did have to pay taxes.

                   States General

Clergy

Nobility

Third Estate

Priviliges of First and Second Estate

• First Estate = The Clergy
  
• They owned 10% of the land while they were 1% of the population
• They could tax people but did not pay taxes themselves

• Second Estate = The Nobles
• They owned 20% of the land while they were 1,5% of the population
• They paid hardly any tax
• They held important jobs in church / government / army

A mighty ruler

• Louis XVI (grandfather of Louis XIV) was advised by clergymen and nobles.

• This type of government was later called the Ancient Régime.  
  

To do (this week)

Create a file in Word: Mission era 7 and 8. Here you put all your information / summaries.

Read 4.1 page 86- 89. 

Describe:  Lodewijk XIV, Absolutism, Society of Estates, Ancien Regime