Y2_T2_LSN2.4

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

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TOPIC 2.4

Circuits

P. 78-87

§2.4 - Learning Goals:

P. 78-87

Knowledge:

• I know which symbols represent which element in a circuit.

Language:

• I can explain the basic components necessary for building a simple circuit.
• I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of a series circuit.
• I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit

Skills:

• I can draw circuit diagrams by using the circuit symbols.
• I can calculate the current or voltage at various points in a series circuit.
• I can calculate the current or voltage at various points in a parallel circuit
• I can use an ammeter or voltmeter to properly measure the current or voltage at a certain point in a circuit.

§2.4 - Key Words:

P. 78-87

• wire
• power source
• batteries
• switch
• lamp
• bell
• Volt meter
• Ammeter
• motor
• LED
• series circuit
• parallel circuit
• consumption

§2.4 - Circuits

§2.4 - Circuits

§ 2.4 - Circuits - Series

• All components are in the same loop, end to end.
• There is only one direction in which the current can flow.
• The same current throughout the entire circuit.
• The voltage is shared by all components within the circuit.

§2.4 Circuits - Series

Every am-meter will show the same value.

The voltage is shared by all components.

What happens to the voltage when there are more components in a series circuit?

1. every component gets the same voltage
2. one component gets all of the voltage
3. The voltage is shared by all components
4. this won't work

§ 2.4 - Circuits - Parallel

• Multiple loops or paths for the current to flow through.
• The current is divided over every pathway.
• The voltage is the same for all components.

§2.4 Circuits - Parallel

The voltage is the same for all components, 

the current is divided.

The current only divides equally if components are the same.

voltage is the same for all components

current is the same throughout circuit

Series

Parallel

Still works if one lamp is broken

If you connect batteries this way, you can add their voltages

§2.4  - Circuits - Measuring

• You can measure Current (A) with an am-meter.
• You can measure Voltage (V) with a voltmeter.
• You can measure both with a multimeter.

Am-meter

• Measuring current

• Current must run through the meter.
• The meter is WITHIN the circuit

(The amount of electrons pass through the wire every second, is the amps.)

The voltmeter is always connected parallel.

Voltmeter has no influence on the current though the component.

A voltmeter

1. must be parallel with the component
2. Must be in series with the component

What is the value
of this voltmeter?

1. 2,5 volt
2. 25 volt
3. 12,5 volt
4. 0 volt

Single loop circuit

conventional

current

Current from the positive terminal to the negative terminal

series circuit

Digital ammeter

Analog Ammeter

the battery has a voltage of 5 V
How much volt is there for a lamp?

1. 2.5 V
2. 10 V
3. 5 V
4. 0 V

There is a current of 5 amps going at point A
How much current runs through each lamp?

A

1. 2.5 A
2. 10 A
3. 5 A
4. 0 A

phet.colorado.edu

§2.4 - Learning Goals:

P. 78-87

Knowledge:

• I know which symbols represent which element in a circuit.

Language:

• I can explain the basic components necessary for building a simple circuit.
• I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of a series circuit.
• I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit

Skills:

• I can draw circuit diagrams by using the circuit symbols.
• I can calculate the current or voltage at various points in a series circuit.
• I can calculate the current or voltage at various points in a parallel circuit
• I can use an ammeter or voltmeter to properly measure the current or voltage at a certain point in a circuit.