7. Middle § 4.3 The US from WWII onwards

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

instruction

You can explain in your own words, using examples, how ethnic diversity influenced (American) society.

Extended instruction: ask questions

Practice:

Practice answering correctly and completely.

Make assignments WB § 4.3

Looking back

Is the American Way within reach to everyone?

In 1865, the US government abolished slavery. Since then, substates, cities & organisations  introduced all kinds of their own laws and rules to separate black people from white people. The whites called this 'separate but equal'. This segregation meant, e.g. the US army had separate units for blacks and whites. In a number of states it was also illegal for black people to maary white people. Politicians were able to implement these Jim Crow laws, because there was suffrage for only few black people.
For a long time, the black population suffered this discrimination without protest. However in the 1950s, the civil right movement arose to demand that all civil rights also applied to black people.

1865

1950

cvil right movement

suffrage

Jim Crow

segregation

separate but equal

Deepening

You can explain, in your own words, using examples, how ethnic diversity influenced (American) society.

Protesters took part in a Black Lives Matter rally in Seattle on Apr. 15, 2017

in the south:

- segregation: separte but equal

- black people only work for white people

in the north:

Huge increase in black neighbourhoods due to migration from the South

  Situation before 1955 in the United States

  

 socio-economic position of black population very weak

Rosa Parks is bekend geworden door het Montgomery-busincident. Op 1 december 1955 zat Parks in de bus van de stad Montgomery. Ze weigerde toen haar zitplaats af te staan aan een blanke passagier. In de wet van de staat Alabama, waar Montgomery ligt, stond dat ze dit wel moest doen. Uiteindelijk kwam de politie en kreeg ze een boete van 10 dollar ($10) plus extra kosten van 4 dollar ($4). Parks weigerde deze boete te betalen. Ze werd toen gearresteerd en moest voor de rechtbank komen, omdat ze de "openbare orde" zou hebben verstoord.

Toen Martin Luther King, een andere burgerrechtenactivist die tegen de rassenscheiding was, hiervan hoorde, organiseerde hij de Montgomer-busboycot. De zwarte bevolking van de stad ging niet meer met de bus naar school/werk/winkels, maar op andere manieren. Zo namen veel mensen de taxi, die heel goedkoop was geworden, of ze gingen met de fiets, lopend of zelfs met een ezel! 156 boycotters werden gearresteerd voor het "hinderen" van een bus. Hierdoor kreeg iedereen in de Verenigde Staten te horen van de boycot. Het busbedrijf van Montgomery ging bijna failliet, daarom schafde ze uiteindelijk de rassenscheiding af. De zaak tegen Rosa Parks was ondertussen bij het Amerikaanse Hooggerechtshof beland, de belangrijkste rechtbank van de Verenigde Staten. Het hooggerechtshof vond dat Rosa Parks gelijk had, en verklaarde de rassenscheiding in Alabama ongrondwettig.

   December 1955

  

  Rosa Parks refuses to give her bus spot to a 'white' man and has to pay a fine (± $140).

How can black people successfully protest against segregation in buses?

   5 Dec 1955 - 20 Dec 1955

  Montgomery bus boycott

Soldaten van de 101st Airborne Division begeleiden the Little Rock Nine studenten naar binnen in de volledig 'witte' Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

   September 1957 

  Little Rock Nine

    Black people fight for the same rights (emancipation) as white citizens

  Civil rights movement

  I have a dream - Martin Luther King

    28 August 1963: March on Washington

  Civil Rights Act

the Civil Rights Act forbids ...
1.  discrimination of
    black people and women
2. segregation.

     (1964)

How many years after the abolition of slavery (USA) did black people get equal civil rights in the eyes of the law?

Emancipation achieved?

      legally the same civil rights

      still racism in mentality of many

Black people therefore continue to protest and confront.

In the 1980s and 1990s, civil rights received less and less attention.

    2009 - 2017

  President Barack Obama

And now, nearly 60 years on?

Still huge differences:

• Economy
• Education
• Health insurance
• Police brutality
• (High) prison sentences

Corona virus shows the
inequality painfully...

    from 2013

  #BlackLivesMatter

White police officers and security guards still use more - and sometimes unnecessary - violence against blacks than against whites.
This sparked a movement with the slogan 'Black Lives Matter'.

Racisme door politie in Nederland

  Racism Dutch police ?

Have you ever experienced discrimination?

Unfortunately yes

Fortunately not

Process the objectives in detail in your notebook. Use 'who, what, where, when, why and how'

Make assignments WB § 4.3

OBJECTIVES

instruction

You can explain in your own words, using examples, how ethnic diversity influenced (American) society .

Extended instruction: ask questions

Practice:

Practice answering correctly and completely.

Make assignments WB § 4.3