6.1 - Organisms and their environment

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Ecology (and sustainability)   Unit 6

Which factor is abiotic and which one is biotic?

Biotic

Biotic

Biotic

Biotic

Biotic

Abiotic

Abiotic

Abiotic

               Abiotic

                Biotic

What level of ecology would you put all the organisms in a woodland?

1. Ecosystem
2. Community
3. Population
4. Individual

Which food chain is written correctly?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

Which animal in this food chain is
an omnivore?

1. Aphid
2. Fox
3. Blackbird
4. Frog

This figure presents..

1. a foodweb
2. a food chain
3. producers
4. a food necklace

6.1 Organisms and their environment

• You can classify the influences on organisms into biotic and abiotic factors.
  
• You can describe the levels of ecology.
  
• You can indicate the various feeding relationships in an ecosystem.

WHAT

*read 6.1 make notes

** make and check exc. 1-9

*** test yourself in online method

HOW

individual

in silence

NEED HELP

1. look at the text in your book
2. go on to the next excercise
3. AKS TEACHER when passing your desk

get to work - IN SILENCE

Environment

Environment: surroundings where an organism lives

Ecology: Relationship between organisms and their environment

Biotic factors: Influence that comes from living nature

Abiotic factors: Non-living influences of nature

Levels of ecology

1. Individual: An organism Ex: effect of temp on 1 elephant

2. Population: Group of individuals of the same species in an area. Ex: influence of amount of rain on a population of elephants

3.Community: Populations of different species living together is an area. Ex: woodland: beech trees, ferns, earthworms, shrews (birds).

4. Ecosystem: Community and the biotope (abiotic factors) Woodland, pond, dunes, and meadows.

5. Biosphere: The part of the Earth where life is possible.

Food chain

Food chain: algae         water flea         perch         pike

Food web

-When food chains are interrelated

-form a network

-consists of living organisms

-producers, herbivores and carnivores

Example: Marine food web

What type of pyramid does the picture show?

1. Pyramid of numbers
2. Pyramid of biomass
3. You can't tell

Which is the pyramid of biomass?

a

b

1. a
2. b

In a pyramid of biomass increases the biomass at every next level.

1. correct
2. incorrect

What does the pyramid of biomass show?

1. The biomass of one animal
2. The biomass in a link in the food chain
3. The number of organisms in a link in the food chain

Biomass

Organisms are composed of energy: carbohydrates(, proteins (15%) and fats (20%)

biomass = the total amount of all the high-energy substances in an organism

Biomass is contained in each level of a food chain.

Biomass decreases at each level of the food chain.

Energy is lost as heat and waste.

Write down three groups of energy-rich substances.

Accumulation (figure 10, page 235) can be prevent by

1. selective pesticides
2. bio-degradable pesticides
3. both

What is meant by
accumulation?

1. the breakdown of toxins and waste
2. the build up of toxins and waste
3. the build up of urine

Pesticides and herbicides eventually show up in higher level consumers due to

1. climate change
2. accumulation
3. habitat destruction
4. soil erosion

Why is accumulation dangerous?

1. because animals eat more than they can digest
2. because plants can't do any photosynthesis
3. because in the top of a food pyramid chemicals built up to lethal levels
4. it causes an increase of biomass at each level of the food pyramid

Accumulation

Plants take up substance from their environment (CO2, minerals)

Also toxic substance - heavy metals

Ex. cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic and tin

Animals eat the plants

Toxins get stored in fatty tissue of animals. 

Build up of toxic substances in the animals at the end of the food chain = accumulation

What did we learn?

1. Abiotic vs. biotic factors
2. Levels of ecology
3. Food chain vs. food web
4. Biomass and accumulation 

WHAT

*study 6.1 + 6.2 + summary

** make and check exc. 6.1 and 6.2

*** test yourself in online method + worksheets in next slides

*** read+ make 6.3

HOW

individual

in silence

NEED HELP

1. look at the text in your book
2. go on to the next excercise
3. AKS TEACHER when passing your desk

get to work - IN SILENCE

www.liveworksheets.com

www.liveworksheets.com

What level of ecology would you put all the organisms in a woodland?

1. Ecosystem
2. Community
3. Population
4. Individual

Which example describes a population?

1. All rabbits on Schiermonnikoog
2. The plants in a forest
3. All organisms in a pond
4. A lioness with her 2 cups in the savannah

What is a population?

1. An organism
2. a group of organisms of the same species, who reproduce together
3. All organisms in an area
4. All biotic and abiotic factors in an area

Pesticides and herbicides eventually show up in higher level consumers due to

1. climate change
2. accumulation
3. habitat destruction
4. soil erosion

Why is accumulation dangerous?

1. because animals eat more than they can digest
2. because plants can't do any photosynthesis
3. because in the top of a food pyramid chemicals built up to lethal levels
4. it causes an increase of biomass at each level of the food pyramid

Biotic factors

Abiotic factors

WHAT

*read 6.1 make notes

** make and check exc. 1-9

*** test yourself in online method

HOW

individual

in silence

NEED HELP

1. look at the text in your book
2. go on to the next excercise
3. AKS TEACHER when passing your desk

get to work - IN SILENCE