Citizens and steam machines - 5.3 (1)

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5.3 - Democracy in the Netherlands

5.3 Democracy in the Netherlands

In 1813 the Netherlands became a 'constitutional monarchy' (constitutionele monarchie), the king still had all the power. 

In 1848 a new constitution made Parliament (tweede kamer) the most powerfull political organ. But only rich people could vote, and only men of course. 

In 1919 universal suffrage (stemrecht) was established.

Give one word that describes 'democracy' for you.

1813-1848

NL was a constitutional monarchy and had a parliament that consisted the house of representatives (2e kamer) and the senate (1e kamer). 

However, parliament was not democratically chosen. The king appointed the senate and the house of representatives was chosen by the regents. It was not a democracy!

1813-1848

King William I was head of state, but also head of government. He would decide on the ministers in his cabinet and only he would make decisions about the army, foreign politics and the treasury (staatskas). He did not  have to inform parliament.

In 1830 Belgium split from the Netherlands, they rebelled against William I. 

William II

From 1845 > famine in Europe. Riots broke out in The Hague. William II gave in to the liberals and allowed Thorbecke to write a new constitution in which Parliament would have the power.

This constitution gave NL a parliamentary system, the king lost his power but remained head of state. 

The constitution also guaranteed civil liberties (burgerrechten)

Voting rights

The NL was not yet a democracy, it had census suffrage, only men who paid enough taxes could vote. 

The socialists wanted to extend the right to vote because this would cause them to get more seats in parliament. (how?)

Also feminists started to demand female suffrage, in 1919 this was achieved. 

What do you remember?

What caused the Industrial Revolution to start in England?

How do we call the historical period that started in 1800

1. Early modern times
2. Middle ages
3. Modern times
4. Time of television and computer

What sectors grew thanks to the Industrial Revolution? Name 2.

What were the 2 issues of the 'Social question'?

Homework

Assignments 1-8

Hand in via Teams on Friday as!

Answers to the practise tests are on ItsLearning