CH4 sec. 4.3 The Netherlands in 1848

Memo havo 2 TTO
CH4 The age of citizens and steam engines
The Industrial Revolution
sec. 4.3 The Netherlands in 1848
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This lesson contains 28 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 6 videos.

time-iconLesson duration is: 50 min

Items in this lesson

Memo havo 2 TTO
CH4 The age of citizens and steam engines
The Industrial Revolution
sec. 4.3 The Netherlands in 1848

Slide 1 - Slide



Industrial Revolution
1750-1850




A major turning point in world history

Slide 2 - Slide

Learning objectives
  • You can name certain important characteristics of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1815 and 1848.
  • You can explain how the Netherlands was governed between 1815 and 1848.
  • You can explain what ideals the liberals had in terms of politics.
  • You can explain what ideals the liberals had in terms of economics.
  • You can explain why a new constitution was introduced in 1848.
  • You can explain what changed in the administration in 1848.
  • You  know the terms and dates of this section.

Slide 3 - Slide

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Different Dutch states

  • 1588-1795 Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
  • 1795-1801 Batavian Republic
  • 1801-1806 Batavian Commonwealth
  • 1806-1810 Kingdom of Holland
  • 1810-1813 Part of the French Empire
  • 1813-1815 Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands
  • 1815-present Kingdom of the Netherlands

Slide 4 - Slide

Slide 5 - Video

Kingdom of the Netherlands
1815 Battle of Waterloo > Napoleon defeated 

1814-15 Congress of Vienna
Victorious countries redrew map of Europe. 

They were conservative. Against new revolutionary ideas about freedom, equality and brotherhood. They wanted to go back to the time when kings and nobles were in power.

Wanted a strong state north of France.

Slide 6 - Slide

Kingdom of the Netherlands
1795 Stadholder Willem V fled to England.

1813 Return of Willem VI = the later Willem I

1815 Kingdom of the Netherlands, ruled by king Willem I of Oranje-Nassau.
Included the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.

1830 Belgian Revolt. Belgium becomes independent.

Slide 7 - Slide

Slide 8 - Video

Kingdom of the Netherlands
1815 Kingdom of the Netherlands became a constitutional monarchy
King is limited by the rules of the constitution.

King Willem I (1815-1840) ruled as an autocrat. He was a conservative. Against political change (ideas about participation and freedom).

The kingdom was not a democracy.

Slide 9 - Slide

Slide 10 - Video

Kingdom of the Netherlands
The rule of king Willem I 
  • appointed and dismissed ministers
  • decided on laws without asking approval of parliament (Upper House and Lower House)
  • appointed members of the Upper House
  • members of Lower House were not elected by the people, but by provincial administrators, who were themselves elected by the nobility/local administrators. 
Many MPs were just as conservative as the king. Didn't wany any public influence.

Slide 11 - Slide

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Dutch economy of the first half of 19th century
  • agriculture
  • commerce
  • other non-industrial activities

No large scale industry yet. No class of poor factory workers, but many poor people.

Dependent on charity for food and clothing (churches and wealthy citizens). Government didn't help.

Slide 12 - Slide

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Especially the North (present-day Netherlands) was poor and underdeveloped. The South (present-day Belgium) industrialized first.

King Willem I wanted to revive economy
Infrastructure improved. 
  • canals dug
  • roads constructed
  • railroads built
1839 first steam train Haarlem-Amsterdam.


Slide 13 - Slide

Slide 14 - Video

Which present-day countries did the United Kingdom of the Netherlands consist of?
A
Belgium, Cologne, Netherlands
B
Cologne, Luxemburg, Netherlands
C
Belgium, Luxemburg, Netherlands

Slide 15 - Quiz

What matches a constitutional monarchy?
A
absolutism
B
dictatorship
C
king's power is limited by the constitution
D
king's power is limited by the nobility

Slide 16 - Quiz

Put in the correct sequence (old to new)
1) Belgian Revolt leads to the Belgian separation from the Netherlands
2) First steam train ran between Haarlem and Amsterdam
3) Napoleon defeated at Waterloo
4) William I becomes king of the kingdom of the United Netherlands
A
1, 3, 4, 2
B
1, 4, 2, 3
C
3, 1, 4, 2
D
3, 4, 1, 2

Slide 17 - Quiz

The liberals
Enlightenment and French Revolution had led to new political movement: liberalism
  • Represented the bourgeoisie (rich citizens)
  • Fundamental rights (freedom of speech and participation in administration)

  • Right to vote for men who owned property (only rich men)
  • Government's only duty is to ensure safety.
  • Economic freedom (capitalism), fewer rules and regulations would make economy grow.

Slide 18 - Slide

Slide 19 - Video

Constitution of 1848
King William II (1840-1849) was more modern than William I.
In 1848 revolution broke out in France and in other European countries there were protests as well.

King William II was afraid of violence and radical reform. Commisioned Thorbecke to draft a new constitution. Renewal of administration. King remained on the throne, but lost power.

Slide 20 - Slide

Slide 21 - Video

Constitution of 1848
Changes in revised constitution of 1848
  • Plans for new laws and expenditures on important matters had to be approved by parliament. 
  • Governing was the ministers' duty and the minister was accountable (ministerial responsibility), not the king.
  • Not the king, but parliament (Upper and Lower House) checked ministers'  work.
  • Upper House members were no longer appointed by the king.
  • Lower House members were elected every four years by  a small group of rich men. They received the right to vote (limited suffrage). The Netherlands wasn't a true democracy yet.
The Netherlands became a parliamentary democracy: a democracy in which an elected parliament is the highest authority, not the king.

Slide 22 - Slide

What doesn't match the government of the Netherlands between 1815 and 1848?
A
governing was the ministers' duty and the minister was accountable
B
king decided on laws without asking approval of parliament
C
king appointed and dismissed ministers
D
king appointed members of the Upper House

Slide 23 - Quiz

What doesn't match the government of the Netherlands between 1815 and 1848?
A
parliament monitored decisions taken by the government
B
king decided on laws without asking approval of parliament
C
king was limited by the rules of the constitution
D
king appointed members of the Lower House

Slide 24 - Quiz

What doesn't match the government of the Netherlands after 1848?
A
governing was the ministers' duty and the minister was accountable
B
Lower house was elected by rich citizens
C
parliament checked ministers' work
D
Upper house was appointed by the king

Slide 25 - Quiz

What doesn't match the government of the Netherlands after 1848?
A
king decided on laws without asking approval of parliament
B
plans for new laws had to be approved by parliament
C
the Netherlands was a constitutional monarchy
D
the Netherlands was a parliamentary democracy

Slide 26 - Quiz

Learning objectives
  • You can name certain important characteristics of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1815 and 1848.
  • You can explain how the Netherlands was governed between 1815 and 1848.
  • You can explain what ideals the liberals had in terms of politics.
  • You can explain what ideals the liberals had in terms of economics.
  • You can explain why a new constitution was introduced in 1848.
  • You can explain what changed in the administration in 1848.
  • You  know the terms and dates of this section.

Slide 27 - Slide

Get to work
What? See whiteboard.
How? Alone 
Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 
Time? Until the end of the lesson. 
Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher. 

Slide 28 - Slide