GTK-2.4-The-justice-system_courts-and-sentencing_2022

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2.4 The justice system: courts and sentencing

Program for today

• Discuss last chapter before the test: 2.4 (court and sentencing) (30 min)

• How to study for a social science test (10 min)

• Choose 1 of the following

• Study independently for the test

• Check the practise test together

Main question of the section

What forms of punishment do we use and what do we want to achieve?

Trying young people as adults (in Dutch)

https://youtu.be/d6PX_8EwAB0

Trying youths as adults

Discuss with the person next to you, write down your answers

1. When do you think a minor should be tried as an adult?

2. What could go wrong if minors are tried as adults?

3. Whose interests do you think should weigh the most in this decision:
   the offender, the victim, or society? Why?
   

The justice system for juvenile offenders

• Not punishable: perpetrators under 12 years old

• Juvenile criminal law: perpetrators aged 12 to 17 years; minor offences get a community sentence, while more serious ones go to juvenile court

• Adolescent criminal law: perpetrators aged 16 to 23 years. The judge can choose whether to apply juvenile or adult criminal law.

Types of hearings in criminal court

Police court

Full-bench panel

• Hears cases involving minor offences such as shoplifting, traffic violations, vandalism, fraud, possession of drugs, etc.

• 1 judge rules on the case. 

• Hears cases involving serious offences such as murder, aggravated assault, terrorism, etc.

• 3 judges hear the case. 

Writ of summons

Prior to a court hearing, the defendant receives a letter from the public prosecutor sent to their home address, which contains:

• the unlawful act of which the defendant is suspected (the charges).

• the time and place of the court hearing.

Appeals and the Supreme Court

The hearing

Step 1. Opening

Step 2. Charges

Step 3. Examination

Step 4. Motion for verdict

Step 5. Statement of defence

Step 6. Closing statement

Step 7. Ruling

Criminal proceedings (in Dutch)

http://schooltv.nl/video/focus-op-de-maatschappij-het-strafproces/#q=strafproces

Duration: 4:40

A hearing in criminal court (in Dutch)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZKraBcn9HE

Why do we punish crimes?

• Vengeance and retribution

• Deterrence

• Prevention of vigilante justice

• Resocialisation

• Public safety

Principal penalties

• Custodial sentence

• Community sentence: community service or behavioural training (only for juvenile offenders).

• Financial penalty

• Additional penalty: always in combination with a principal penalty. For example:

  • Suspension of a driving licence

  • Ban on practising a profession

Interactive game

• Grab your laptop or iPad

• go to Somtoday

• go to this lesson

• click on the link

Suspended sentence

• All or part of a sentence can be suspended conditionally.

• A probationary period always applies here.

  • The sentence will only be carried out if the person commits a crime again within the probationary period.

Assignment: Explain the court ruling in your own words:

“You are sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 5 months, of which 2 months are suspended with a probationary period of 3 years.”

Criminal justice measures

• Paying compensation to the victim.

• TBS (compulsory detention under hospital orders): treatment for offenders with psychiatric conditions who have a high risk of repeating their crimes.

How to study for a social sciences test

• Which terms are in bold, italic, or underlined?
  

• Which names/terms are often repeated?
  

• Do I understand all the words? If not, look them up.

• Are there dates included? And how are they used?

How to effectively study the terms (begrippen)

• Flashcards! Or study cards, as they are called in Dutch.

• You can make these on paper or digitally (Quizlet.com).

While actually making the test

• First, read through all the questions carefully.

• Don’t panic immediately when you see the questions.

• What is being asked?

• What do I know about it?

• If you can't figure out the question immediatly, continue on and come back later

While actually making the test

• First think, then write: what is actually being asked?

• Use a part of the question in your answer. 

• Write in full sentences, as complete as possible

While making the test

• Do not write too many reasons if, for example, 2 are requested. Only the first 2 will be counted.

• If two different things are asked, then write different things.

• After completing all the questions, read through the exam carefully again.