Conditionals - zero, first and second conditional

• Engels
• Secundair onderwijs

Conditionals

if- zinnen

IF - zinnen of conditionals

Een if-zin bestaat uit twee gedeelten: het gedeelte dat begint met ‘if’ (if he runs)- de voorwaarde, en het hoofdgedeelte van de zin (he will be on time). Het maakt geen verschil of je de zin met het hoofdgedeelte laat beginnen of met if. Er zijn vier verschillende soorten if-zinnen/conditionals.

Zero Conditional

Het gaat hierbij om gewoontes en feiten.

Put the sentences in the zero conditional

Type the whole sentence

If you (breathe) chlorine you (die).

If you (add) syrup to water you (make) ranja.

first conditional

Put the sentences in the first conditional

Type the whole sentence

If you (go) out with your friends tonight, I (watch) the football match on TV.

I (earn) a lot of money if I (get) that job.

If she (hurry / not), we (miss) the bus.

If it rains tonight,

1. I don't go out
2. I will not go out
3. I wouldn't have gone out
4. I would go out

If Tim studies hard,

1. He would have passed his exam
2. He will pass his exam
3. He passes him exam
4. He would pass his exam

If there is an earthquake,

1. Buildings will collapse
2. Buildings collapse
3. Buildings would collapse
4. Buildings would have collapsed

......, we will miss our flight.

1. If you will be late
2. If you are late
3. If you had been late
4. If you were late

...., your mom won't buy you a present.

1. If you failed your exam
2. If you failed your exam
3. If you had failed your exam
4. If you fail your exam

Second conditional - Unlikely to happen

Second conditional

An impossible or imaginary situation

If + past simple, would + infinitive

If it rained, it wouldn't be so bad to stay inside. 

(It is sunny now, so imaginary situation) 

Put the sentences in the second conditional

Type the whole sentence

If he (try) harder, he (reach) his goals.

I (buy) these shoes if they (fit).

It (surprise / not) me if he (know / not) the answer.

If you stopped smoking, you ______ a lot better pretty quickly.

1. feel
2. are feeling
3. will feel
4. would feel

If I won the Lottery, I ______ my job. I love it too much.

1. would leave
2. will leave
3. wouldn't leave
4. won't leave

If my sister .................. (win) a trip to Greece, she ................. (take) me with her.

1. won, would take
2. won’t, would take
3. won, would taken
4. won, would took

If Sandra ............... (buy) a helicopter,
her friends ...................... (be) happy.

1. would buy, were
2. bought, wouldn’t be
3. buyed, would been
4. bought, would be

We ................... (not change) anything
if we ................. (have) a time machine.

1. wouldn’t change, had
2. would change, had
3. wouldn’t changed, had
4. would change, haved

Put the sentences in the third conditional

Type the whole sentence

21. If we (listen) to the radio, we (heard) the news.

22. If you (switch) on the lights, you (fall/not) over the chair.

23. she (come) to our party if she (be/not) on holiday.

SUMMARY

Formation and use of the conditionals

Conditional sentences

• Geeft een voorwaarde aan (als...dan)
• Bestaat uit een hoofdzin en een bijzin
• als if in het eerste deel van de zin staat --> komma gebruiken
• als if in het tweede deel van de zin staat --> geen komma

The Zero Conditional

• Wordt gebruikt bij zaken die absoluut gebeuren: wetenschappelijke feiten en algemene waarheden
• if + present simple, present simple

• If you get too close to the sun, you melt
• If you cross a border, you enter another country
• if you heat up ice, it melts

Zero conditionals

We use zero conditionals to talk about general facts, when one event or action always happens as a logical result of another event or action.

The First Conditional

• Als iets waarschijnlijk gaat gebeuren, nu of in de toekomst
• will + werkwoord ... if + present simple

• If he gets the day off, we will go to London
• We will be sad if Daniel leaves

First conditionals

We use the first conditionals to talk about a possible future action or situation, and its probable result.

The Second Conditional

• Als het niet waarschijnlijk is dat iets gaat gebeuren, nu of in de toekomst
• if + past simple, would + werkwoord

• If we got the day off, we would go to London.
• We would all be sad if Daniel left

LET OP: In deze conditonal gebruik je bij 'be' altijd WERE

If I were you I would not help him

Second conditionals

We use the second conditionals to talk about hypothetical or unlikely situations, unreal or improbable actions now or in the future

The Third Conditional

• Bij zaken die absoluut niet gebeurd zijn in het verleden
• if + past perfect, would have + voltooid deelwoord

• If I had studied for my exams, I would have passed them.
• I would have bought that house if I had won the lottery.

Third conditionals

We use the third conditionals to talk about imaginary situations that did not happen, when the person is imangining a different past

Exercise 

Complete the sentences by using the first, second or third conditional.

Type the whole sentence.

If we had seen you, we (stop).

If we (meet) him tomorrow, we will say hello.

If I (be) stronger, I would help you carry the piano.

If you drop the vase, it (break).

He would have repaired the car himself if he (have) the tools.

If I had not studied, I (not/pass) the exam.

I would not go to school by bus if I (have) a driving licence.

I (not/travel) to London if I do not get a cheap flight.

If she (not/see) him every day, she would be lovesick.

We would be stupid if we (tell) him about our secret.