Natural Sciences TOK

• Filosofie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Natural Sciences

Amadou Cisse, Jip Rozemeijer, Diede Stoel & Loïs Verdonk

Natural Sciences

Natural Sciences

- seek to discover laws of nature

- based on observation of the world

- https://youtu.be/tJdjCJWv4yA?t=588

Pseudo Science

- Mimic science​

-Using status of science ​

Can you name an example of a pseudo-science?

What makes the difference between science and pseudo science?

1. methods
2. hypotheses
3. experiment
4. materials

Problems with Observation

   -  Relevance​
              Selection
    -Expectations
                                           Predetermined outcome​

    - Expert seeing​

          Materials

   -  The observer effect

             ​Disturbance

HOI LOISISTHEBEST

Testing Hypotheses

Confirmation Bias​

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Background assumptions​

Principle of simplicity​

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In which order do you believe inductivism works?

Observation

Hypothesis

Experiment

law

theory

Induction

-Five key steps 

- Wrong conclusions​

    - Observations -> everything​
    Empirical

Falsification

science and society

paradigms

Imagine; you know that red and yellow make orange, but after an experiment, it is concluded that red and yellow make green. how do you react?

something must have gone wrong with the experiment; red and yellow always make orange

well, if the experiment says it's green, red and yellow have to make green

that sure is a surprising conclusion; but there is more proof that red and yellow make orange

I dont know what to believe anymore; I demand e new experiment.

Science, truth & value

-     Scientism​

               Science is everything​

    - Ethics

The Medical world & Natural Sciences

Their relation

- combination between natural and human sciences

-trail and error

- answer to everything

-> can lead to discussing

The End

Natural Sciences