5.4 The Hundred years' war

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Assignment: Prior Knowledge

a. Talk in pairs about the crusades. 

TIP: You can use your notes from last lesson. 

b. Write down everything you've discussed with your classmate.

What do we know about the Crusades?

5.4 The Hundred years' war

What were the causes and effects of the Hundred Years' War?

Lesson goals?

You can explain the causes and effects of the Hundred Years' War.

Write down on your timeline in your notebook: 

Timeline Hundred Years' War: 

1337: King of France seized Aquitaine 

1346: Battle of Crecy

1429: Joan of Arc captures the city of Orleans

1431: Execution of Joan of Arc

1453: End of the Hundred Years'War

Write down the red text on the timeline in your notebook.

Word Duty

Mercenaries: Soldiers (sometimes foreign) who are paid to fight for an army.

Three estates: The division of society into three classes: The clergy, the nobility and the workers (or commoners). This idea developed from the eleventh century.

States - General: A meeting of the representatives of the three estates, who came together when the King of France wanted advice.

Parliament: In the Middle Ages the English parliament consisted of the most important nobles and clergymen in the country. Its purpose was to advise the king. From the fourteenth century the English parliament was divided into two parts. Today, a praliament represents the people.

KEY WORDS

Excersize

Read: 'Edward on the warpath' (p.99)

Assignment: find four reasons for the Hundred Years' War.

Reasons:

1. King Edward III owned a large piece of land as a fief in France: Aquitaine.

In 1337: King of France seized Aquitaine from the English. King Edward wanted it back 

2. King Edward believed he had a claim to the French throne. (His grandfather was a French king)

3. Loss of  Aquitaine would cost him money due to the commerce in the area.

4. France supported Englands old enemy: The Scots.

=> Edward declared war on France.

Write down the red text on the timeline in your notebook.

Archers

In the beginning the English where on the winning side: 1346: Battle of Crecy 

French lost because of the effectiveness of English archers + lighter infantry/ mercenaries.

Write down the red text on the timeline in your notebook.

Who was Joanne of Arc?

How did Joanne of Arc died?

1. She died in prisson
2. She died in battle
3. She was hanged as a traitor
4. She was burned at the stake

Why is Joanne of Arc so famous?

Joan of Arc

• French girl who said she got visions from god.

• Won confidence of king Charles VII and part of the nobility.

• Lead French troop into battle and captured Orleans (1429)

• Captured by the English and burned at the stake. 

Write down the red text on the timeline in your notebook.

Effects of the war

1453: French won the last major battle > ending Hundred Years' War

Effects:

- English king lost his territories in France, whilst the French king got more power.

- Better sense of unity in both countries.

- Economies were exhausted

Political changes:

1. Three estates: society divided up in three classes.

2. States- General in France - France became a centralized country

3. Parliament in England

Write down the red text on the timeline in your notebook.

What were the causes of the Hundred Years' War?

What were the effects of the Hundred Years' War?