YR1_T4_§4.4

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

iubioub

Materials

• Textbook
• Notebook
• Pencil case

I am ready for this lesson:

• I am in the correct seat.
• My jacket is in my locker.
• My telephone is at home or in my locker.
• I have all my materials ready as required by the checklist.
• I do not have any food / drinks and/or chewing gum.

iubioub

PLAN FOR TODAY:

1.

2.

3.

4.

15min: HW check §4.3

• Correct your homework
• Earn a stamp!

10 min: Recap §4.1 - §4.3

• Fresh up knowledge 

35 min: Explanation §4.4

• Learning goals
• Key words
• Notes

30 min: make homework

• Complete all exercises of §4.4
• Study glossary list §4.1, §4.2, §4.3 and §4.4 on StudyGo

HW CHECK

• Answers for topic 4.3 are in the classroom
• Correct your answers in a different color 

(Answer wrong? write down the correct answer)

I will call your name to check your homework

(When not called, stay seated!)

TOPIC 4

ORGANIZING THE WORLD

What is the name of the element with the letter B?

1. Hydrogen
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon
4. Boron

What is the name of the element with the letter C?

1. Hydrogen
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon
4. Boron

What is the name of the element with the letter Mg?

1. Hydrogen
2. Magnesium
3. Sodium
4. Boron

hair

An Octopus: vertebrate or invertebrate

1. invertebrate
2. vertebrate

A frog: which group does it belong to?

1. bird
2. fish
3. amphibian
4. reptile

An eagle: which group does it belong to?

1. bird
2. fish
3. amphibian
4. reptile

A crocodile: which group does it belong to?

1. bird
2. fish
3. amphibian
4. reptile

§4.4

Organizing the Univers

§4.4: LEARNING GOALS

Content

• I can list the two most important gasses in earth's atmosphere that make life possible.
• I can list the five different layers of the atmosphere and give examples of their characteristics.

Language

• I can list the planets of our solar system and can name one characteristic of every planet.

Skills

• I can use what I have learned to explain why life is or is not possible on the planets of our solar system.

§4.4: KEY WORDS

• Atmosphere
• Troposphere
• Stratosphere
• Mesosphere
• Thermosphere
• Exosphere

• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn 
• Uranus
• Neptue

Atmosphere

The scientific word for this space above us is the atmosphere. 

An atmosphere is defined as an area of gasses surrounding a planet. 

Without an atmosphere our life on earth would be impossible.

Troposphere

The layer closest to Earth. 

Most of the gas molecules in our atmosphere are found here. 

This also where the majority of the clouds are located. These clouds are responsible for the weather that we experience on earth.

Stratosphere

The air here is very dry and still. 

Because of this many airplanes prefer to fly in the stratosphere instead of the troposphere, which can be turbulent. 

The ozone (O3) layer is also found here. This layer is important because it absorbs almost all of the sun’s dangerous UV radiation.

Mesosphere

This layer is difficult to study, so not a lot is known about it. 

It is too far away for airplanes to reach, but also too close for satellites to study. 

One phenomenon that it is responsible for is shooting stars. As meteors enter the mesosphere they get very warm.

Thermosphere

As you cross into the thermosphere you are now technically in space.

Exosphere

The exosphere is the last layer of the earth's atmosphere, and gradually fades into the vacuum of outer space. 

There are very few gas molecules in these layers, making it very cold. This means that there also aren’t enough molecules for sound to travel through.

Mercury

is the planet closest to the sun. 

Mercury is also the smallest planet, about the same size as our moon. It is very dense due to its large core made of iron. 

Even though it is the closest planet to the sun, it is still not the hottest planet. This is because it has almost no atmosphere to hold in the sun’s heat.

Venus

is the second planet from the sun. 

Venus is our closest neighbour and is sometimes called earth's twin due to its similar size and density. 

It is the warmest planet, due to its thick atmosphere filled with toxic gasses. This thick atmosphere causes the pressure on Venus to be very high, almost 90 times greater than on earth. The surface of Venus is covered in rocky mountains and volcanoes.

Earth

is the third planet, and the only planet with liquid water on its surface. 

About 70% of the Earth's surface is covered in water. 

It is also the only place known to be home to living organisms.

Mars

Mars is the only planet that humans have investigated by sending rovers to. 

Mars is known as the red planet due to its high amount of iron. The iron eventually rusted, causing the soil to become red in color.

Jupiter

Jupiter is a gas planet, mostly made of hydrogen and helium. 

Deep inside the planet the pressure increases, turning the hydrogen into a liquid. This liquid forms a giant ocean made up of hydrogen instead of water. 

Jupiter is also known for its large red spot, which is actually a storm larger than Earth that has been raging for centuries.

Saturn

Saturn is unique due to its seven beautiful rings made of rocks and chunks of ice. 

Just like Jupiter, Saturn is also made up of gasses, mostly hydrogen and helium. These gasses make Saturn the least dense planet in our solar system.

Saturn also has the most moons of any planet, 82.

Uranus

Uranus is mostly made of swirling fluids, water, ammonia and methane, which give it its green color. 

It is also the coldest planet in our solar system. 

Like Saturn, Uranus also has rings made of rock and ice, but they are not as spectacular looking as Saturn’s.

Neptune

Neptune is also known as an ice giant, made of icy water, ammonia and methane. It also has a rocky core made of iron and other metals, just like earth. 

Neptune is the only planet that cannot be seen with the naked eye. 

Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to ever observe Neptune, it took 12 years for it to get close to it.

Short break (5 min)

• Do not move from your seat
• Keep your volume down!

Homework

• Complete the exercises of §4.4
• Study the StudyGo of §4.1 - §4.4
• Study the StudyGo “MRS GREN”
• Study the StudyGo “Elements”