Word Classes

Welcome back!
1 / 37
next
Slide 1: Slide
EngelsMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 1

This lesson contains 37 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.

time-iconLesson duration is: 50 min

Items in this lesson

Welcome back!

Slide 1 - Slide

Slide 2 - Slide

Word classes
Nouns
Articles
Pronouns
Prepositions
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs

Slide 3 - Slide

Nouns
A noun is a thing (almost any thing you can think of) and nouns are the basic building blocks of sentences. 
These things can be:
 a person - Mary can be very noisy.
an animal - The cat slept all day.
a place - Amsterdam is a great city.
an idea - Love is very important.

Slide 4 - Slide

Nouns can be singular.

car
desk
boy
girl

boss
bus



Nouns can be plural.

cars
desks
boys
girls
BUT...
bosses
buses

Slide 5 - Slide

Which of these words are nouns?
The dog was chasing the cat around the house
A
chasing / around / house
B
was / chasing / cat
C
dog / cat / house
D
the / the / the

Slide 6 - Quiz

What is the plural of the word 'bush'?
A
bushs
B
bushes

Slide 7 - Quiz

What should be different in this sentence? Write down the correct form of the words.
'They are a very rich family, because they have two house and three car.'

Slide 8 - Open question

Articles
In this case it is a type of word and not an article you can find in a newspaper...

You can find articles in front of nouns.
There are two types:

Slide 9 - Slide

Articles
Type 1 'the':
We use 'the' when we mean a specific thing (a noun).

'He uses the pen to write on the board.'

We use the article 'the' with all nouns.

Slide 10 - Slide

Articles
Type 2 'a/an':
We use 'a/an' when we do not mean one specific thing, but it can be any kind of that thing.

'He uses a pen to write on the board.'
'She won an award for her performance.'




Slide 11 - Slide

Articles

We use the article 'a' when the noun starts with a consonant.

a ball
a table
a car
Consonants

b
d
p
j
h
t

Slide 12 - Slide

Articles

We use the article 'an' when the noun starts with a vowel.

an egg
an apple
an award
Vowels

a
i
u
e
o

Slide 13 - Slide

Pronouns
Subject pronouns:

I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
Pronouns
Object pronouns:

me
you
him
her
it
us
you 
them


Slide 14 - Slide

Pronouns
1. Pronouns as the subject of a sentence.

I like your dress.
You are late.
He is my friend.
It is raining.
She is on holiday.
We live in England.
Pronouns
2. Pronouns as the object of a sentence.

I can see you.
She doesn't like him.

3. Pronouns after prepositions.

She is waiting for me.
Give it to him.







Slide 15 - Slide

Which words are the pronouns in this sentence?
'I like to play games with him.'
A
like / him
B
I / him
C
play / games
D
I / with

Slide 16 - Quiz

Prepositions
Prepositions usually come in front of nouns and pronouns.


I get up early in the morning.
John is waiting for her.

Slide 17 - Slide

Prepositions
There are A LOT of prepositions in English. The best way to study them is to look them up in a dictionary or by reading a lot of English.

Here are 10 of the most common prepositions:

of / in / to / for / with / on / at / from / by / about

Slide 18 - Slide

Which of these words are prepositions?

'After the plane crashed into the water, he found himself on a tropical island.'
A
after / into / on
B
crashed / found
C
he / himself
D
plane / water / island

Slide 19 - Quiz

Verbs
A verb is a word of 'action'! So a verb always says something about what someone or something is doing.
  • He works every day.
  • She played football when she was young.
  • I play video games when I come home from school.

Slide 20 - Slide

Which words are the verbs in this sentence?
'I am happy that I can go to school every day.'
A
am / I / go
B
can / go / to
C
am / can / go
D
am / happy / school

Slide 21 - Quiz

Verbs 
Main verb: ≈ primary verb -> carry the meaning or action
He runs to work.

Auxiliary verb: ≈ helping verb -> additional grammatical info.
He is running to work.
to be, to do, to have, to can, must, could, should, would, might...

Slide 22 - Slide

Which words are verbs in this sentence?
'I might have cooked the pasta too long.'
A
have / cooked
B
have/ cooked / too
C
cooked / too
D
might/ have / cooked

Slide 23 - Quiz

Is 'might' a main verb or an auxiliary verb?
A
Main verb
B
Auxiliary verb

Slide 24 - Quiz

Is 'to see' a main verb or an auxiliary verb?
A
Main verb
B
Auxiliary verb

Slide 25 - Quiz

Adjectives
Remember nouns?
An adjective is a word that says something about a noun.

The adjective can come before a noun:
He was eating the tasty soup.

The adjective can come after the verb:
The soup is tasty.

Slide 26 - Slide

Adjectives
An adjective only comes after the verb when it is a linking verb or a form of 'to be'.
Linking verbs: to feel, to taste, to smell, etc. -> they describe the subject rather than the action 

The cow is happy.
Driving is faster than walking.
It looks strange.


Slide 27 - Slide

Is 'to taste' a main verb, an auxiliary verb or a linking verb?
A
Main verb
B
Auxiliary verb
C
Linking verb

Slide 28 - Quiz

Adverbs
Adverbs are words that say something about a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

So, adverbs are not the same as adjectives!




Slide 29 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverb - verb
He drives quickly.
She sang beatifully.
They worked nicely.

How to form an adverb:
adjective + -ly

Slide 30 - Slide

Adverbs
Adverb - adjective
That extremely beatiful house.

Slide 31 - Slide

Is 'happily' an adjective or an adverb?

'She is happily married.'
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 32 - Quiz

Is 'fast' an adjective or an adverb?

'She is an extremely fast worker.'
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 33 - Quiz

Is 'easy' an adjective or an adverb?

'These questions are easy.'
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 34 - Quiz

Is 'really' an adjective or an adverb?

'My brother drives really well.'
A
adjective
B
adverb

Slide 35 - Quiz

Conjunction 
= a word used to connect words, phrases, clauses or sentences
FANBOYS
because, if, after, both, either, neither, nor

Slide 36 - Slide

WORD CLASSES
OPEN classes: (new) words can enter or dissepear
main verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs...
e.g. computer, upcycle 
CLOSED classes: essential to grammar
articles, auxiliary verbs, prepositions, conjunction...

Slide 37 - Slide